This app was mentioned in 4 comments, with an average of 2.75 upvotes
Archimedes Calculator was newly made available for free. Previously it was something like $ 4. It's slick, no ads, requires no permissions, slightly basic, but still has functions for trigonometry, logarithms of base n, n-th root, n-th powers and can solve equations. It also displays division as fractions, making input look just like what you would do on paper.