This app was mentioned in 6 comments, with an average of 1.83 upvotes
Many commenters already gave great advice to think of kanji as a set of simpler parts rather than individual strokes.
What I want to add is that maybe you're learning them in suboptimal order? If you'd learn them in order as Japanese kids learn them in school those building blocks would be apparent to you.
There is an android app where you fill in the missing kanji for a given word. The problem is that those words are not always common words (rather random words a Japanese kid should know). But generally learning kanji as part of words rather than individual characters may be a better approach.
Anki is a pain in the ass to set up, and the menus are still a mess and put in all kinds of weird places, but if you set it up right, the pain in the ass factor goes down to almost zero. I have tried a bunch of alternatives, and even though I don't love Anki, I keep coming back to it, because I haven't found a better way to drill vocab.
Add in Rikaisama to add new vocab from stuff you read in Firefox, and use Typhon as an e-reader in Android for Japanese EPUBs (because it also had an auto-add-to-Anki feature), and you're doing some serious damage. The downside is that you'll have to have separate decks for those two apps, but meh, it's a small price to pay IMO.
The only other app I'd add is the 漢検 training app (somethingorother DX) that I saw mentioned here a week or so ago. It's also in the Google play store, and it's great for drilling your kanji knowledge in a useful way. (And as a bonus, you'll prep for the Kanji Kentei exam, which you could then take and amaze your Japanese friends.)
Here it is: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=jp.co.gakkonet.quizninjakankendx
Taking notes in Japanese (kind of what you're doing) is essential activity and good for retaining the skill but to learn handwriting, initially you need much frequent exposure to the same kanji.
Until very recently was in the same situation as you (N1 certificate holder, minimal ability to write, and let's be honest, shaky kanji knowledge as relying only on recognition in a context will only get you this far).
Good news is that knowing vocab already, it's relatively easy to learn handwriting! I started mitigation of the problem in October. It took me two months to re-learn all kyouiku kanji with this app: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=jp.co.gakkonet.quizninjakankendx&hl=en&gl=US
The key is to do a lot of reviews and unfortunately the app doesn't automate it at all so my reviews were unnecessarily more time consuming. But well, even writing 200 characters you already know per day isn't that big deal.
Recently (a few weeks ago) I switched to the Anki Kanji God Migaku add-on. I do only "fill in the blanks" exercises. I add kanji in the "school grade" order. When switching to Anki I started from zero and now I'm at the end of 5th grade.
Things I noticed:
1. Kanji knowledge when you can only recognize them is shaky but still enough to read Japanese and even pass JLPT 1.
2. Knowing kanji to the extent where you can visualize them in your head helps with learning new vocabulary.
3. It's not that difficult to learn handwriting when you know the vocab already.
4. When on desktop, even the cheapest drawing tablet is much better than a mouse.
According to the authors of the add-on, mobile users are the primary target. But personally, I used it only on a desktop... For mobile, I'm using this: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=jp.co.gakkonet.quizninjakankendx but it's quite ineffective if you don't know the most words in the questions first.
I use this paid app: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=jp.co.gakkonet.quizninjakankendx
and also have this free version: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=jp.co.gakkonet.quizninjategakikanjidrill&hl=ja&gl=US
There is a complete overlap of words but the paid version has:
1. more levels (up to kanken 2kyuu)
2. more types of questions (selecting readings of words, selecting antonyms, selecting correct kanji for 3 or 4 kanji words etc.)
3. additional info about every kanji with sample words that use a given kanji.
I haven't played it but according to Amazon reviews the same questions coming up over and over again is one of the mentioned problems. And you can't do anything about it, eventually, you'll progress the game.
Alternatively, you can try this Android App: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=jp.co.gakkonet.quizninjakankendx or this Anki add on https://ankiweb.net/shared/info/1872210448 I don't know any good alternatives for Nintendo.