In West Africa most of the land was owned by the state often literally the king himself.this contrasts with Western Europe where we know many nobles and lords had vast landholdings and used them as a measure of status. In west Africa slaves were the main form of personal property a wealthy person could own. Thus the incentive between plantation slavery and that of west Africa is different.
In plantation slavery the slave is similar to livestock, only kept as long as they can be physically productive. In African slavery the slave is a status symbol in and of itself entirely separate from their economic productivity. With this in mind, an African slave owner would be directly damaging their wealth and prestige by behaving in a way that was overwhelmingly detrimental to that of their slaves (for example working them to death). There's more to this...I can add specifics later but I can't remember off the top of my head.
Charles C Mann's 1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created devotes a pretty decently sized chapter to talking about the different conditions that helped slavery take the form it did in the Americas.
Read up on your history before making assumptions
King Leopold's Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa https://www.amazon.com/dp/0618001905/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_apa_aB8TBbCQ7Q6M1
James S Scott speculates that this is actually very common. His main case study is Southeast Asia, where there is a lot of evidence of people fleeing heavily agricultural civilizations for a horticultural life in the highlands both as a result of conflict and simply because the life of the latter is freer and (at least in many ways) richer as compared to the heavily-taxed life of an agricultural serf in a stratified society. Of course, horticulture might not be rice paddy cultivation but it's still agriculture. Nonetheless, he finds signs that this is a worldwide dynamic that shows up where ever you have a geographic or temporal transition between densely settled agriculture and a lower-density space that makes "less civilized" lifeways possible. One space he keeps coming back to is the Eastern/Midwestern US of the 1500s and 1600s, when the post Columbian contact plagues and their associated population collapses gave the survivors plenty of elbow room to make this transition.
Douglas Blackman wrote a book about this that won a pulitzer. It's actually a really easy read and delves into detail about sharecropping and prison labor. It's absolutely heartbreaking what people did to the freed slaves.
If you haven’t read the book, Medical Apartheid by Harriet Washington , please do! It’s an excellent and easy to follow chronological explanation of the medical experimentation on Black people ����
Highly recommend reading "King Leopold's Ghost" to anyone interested in the history of Belgian colonialist atrocities in Africa. Warning: it makes for grim reading.
Slavery continued well after the war. This Pulitzer-Prize winning book is a must read: Slavery By Another Name by Douglas Blackmon
Yes, and indeed certain anthropologists theorize that real-world hill tribes do in fact deliberately live in terrain that is difficult or useless for lowland states to access in order to escape serfdom, slavery, military conscription, corvee labor, etc.
> it coudl be argued much of africa has a better life and opportunity under colonialism
Read King Leopold’s Ghost from cover to cover before you ever make this claim again.
King Leopold's Ghost is a powerful book on Beligian atrocities in the Congo during its colonial period. Highly recommended for understanding what's taking place there to this day.
I don’t know if this what you’re looking for but The Art if Being Ungoverned by James C. Scott blew my mind when I read it in undergrad. https://www.amazon.com/Art-Not-Being-Governed-Anarchist/dp/0300169175
I’ll see if I can find a free copy somewhere, or if you have a university library access it’s probably online.
For any who find the connection to whiteness confusing, I recommend reading Isabel Wilkerson's best-seller "Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents".
Yup, this mob attempted a literal lynching and are proud of it. They're actually shouting promises to do more of the same. No one can re-educate them otherwise.
For any who find this hard to believe, I recommend reading Isabel Wilkerson's best-seller "Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents".
For any who find the connection to racism confusing, I recommend reading Isabel Wilkerson's best-seller "Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents".
For some historical and psychological insight on Trump supporters and other racists, I recommend reading Isabel Wilkerson's best-seller "Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents".
Black people are less likely to be truscum because even if they jump through all the medical hoops, their doctors will often make up bullshit reasons to gate keep just because they hate black people. Black folks are often shy of medicine, psychiatry, and medical doctors due to medical racism. I am not black, but I've spent enough time around black folks to notice this.
That could be why you're not noticing a lot of black people in truscum spaces, as truscum tend to adhere to a strict medical standard unaware that medicine often discriminates against black people, forcing black people to purchase mediciations illegally or look for 'holistic' methods.
Again I am not black, I don't know that much about this, you might want to try reading Medical Apartheid by Harriet A. Washington. She is kind of homo/trans phobic due to her religion I think, and there is a lot of stuff about black trans people she specifically didn't mention because of this, but it will still give a general understanding of this topic.
There is a book called ‘Medical Apartheid’ that was published in 2008. I own it but tbh I only skimmed through it. This post makes me want to read it.
https://www.amazon.com/Medical-Apartheid-Experimentation-Americans-Colonial/dp/076791547X
( ) read about the topic to have an informed opinion.
^-- Check this one next, and see if it changes your mind. Here is a good place to start.
Did you mean to type "macho-ism" or some other word for toxic masculinity?
The traits you list are generally the same ones for the "dominant caste" in Isabel Wilkerson's best-seller "Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents".
Actually, your comment sparked an idea and I found the perfect gift for him: An Unfinished Revolution: Karl Marx and Abraham Lincoln
EDIT: Actually this one's probably better.
If you really understood the world, you would understand that while America tends to push "pull yourself up by the boot straps," Europe believes "wealth comes from Old Money."
I highly recommend the book Caste. It fully explains how caste-ism can hold down people. It's a short and easy read.
Sounds really fun!
I don't know what books / resources you're using, but if you're looking for a big-picture context of the political, social, and economic forces in the colonial era, I hear that1493 is great book.
For a more focused view on colonial life, Alan Taylor's work has received praise as a good history that takes into account both European and Native peoples.
To be clear, I haven't read these books - I only mention them as popular sources. If you're looking for something more detailed, I bet r/AmericanHistory or r/history would have all sorts of great resources and people with much better recommendations.
the US has defacto slavery until WWII for the black population, with the whole 'imprison someone for a BS claim and work them until they die' thing. (source)
You can think I'm wrong all you want or you can pick up the book 1493
http://www.amazon.com/1493-Uncovering-World-Columbus-Created/dp/0307278247
And get a good handle on the last thirty years of research about the consequences of the Colombian exchange.
My point wasn't that 90% of the native didn't die from disease. I understand that fact. My point was that this was unintentional and unavoidable from the first journey of Colombus to the Caribbean. Because it is well documented through physical evidence that the waves of diseases left the Caribbean and made it to Peru-Bolivia and Massachusetts well before any Europeans set foot in those lands.
The idea that the Indians were intentionally genocided through disease is wrong. It would require people like Colombus having your understanding of disease, its origin and transmission. There are some examples of possible intentional genocide (through disease) in the 1700s with the French & Indian Wars.
Or read a book. Shit, if you even read your own comment it shows that Belgium only sent troops to protect the white civilians. If you actually read that thread you'd see that the other UN members were opposed to providing support to the Belgian-backed secessionists and eventually even intervened to block and engage them. The only reason the US ended up involved on the behalf of the secessionists was because after they didn't want to back up the rebel factions those factions sought and received aid from the Communist bloc.
Though you did remind me that if we get any Free French forces for the Paris Liberation phase, we should probably get some Senegalese representation.
You know not of what you speak. Marx and Lincoln exchanged letters to each other for Christ’s sake…
It was, you're incorrect, but I don't need to argue with you about it any more.
If anyone is actually curious (and not just feigning a point of view so they can argue with anonymous people online) I suggest they check out the fantastic book:
The Dawn of Everything
https://www.amazon.com/Dawn-Everything-New-History-Humanity/dp/0374157359
Check out this book -- the contemporary notion of "hunter gatherers" is just plain wrong:
I have been reading The Dawn of Everything which has an extended chapter exploring this topic. It comes to an idea that we can say a society has "a state" when "the state" has control of the three mechanisms of power:
It theorizes that "pre-state" societies had elements of all 3, but not all 3 at the same time. Even today elements of these sources of power exist outside of states while within them.
My impression is that he’s mainly “controversial” for being an unapologetic Marxist in America.
But I’m not sure I’d agree that it “fails basic logic” in terms of the core argument, it is certainly polemical and simplistic in parts, especially as regards class reductionism, but as provocative pop history and as an opening to a much longer conversation I think it’s a useful read, at least for someone coming in cold. There’s plenty of other more nuanced subsequent work to pick up from there, e.g.
https://www.amazon.com/Invention-White-Race-Oppression-Control/dp/1844677699
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Mistaken-Identity-Race-Class-Trump/dp/1786637375
Etc., etc. But I don’t think it can be seriously argued that he wasn’t fundamentally correct that the social category or “whiteness” was constructed in the US context to support the British racialised colonial system, and that it initially was designed to exclude non-WASP immigrants to the US, especially Irish and Italians, but much later expanded to encompass them.