Yes, you can use those shoes, however they're not going to be as good an efficient as proper padel shoes.
Clay tennis shoes are also a good option. You have to look for the "W" or "fishtail" pattern in the grip to actually realize they're going to be good.
For example, I have these asics, they're padel shoes. but I also have this, that are tennis shoes and they were excellent for padel until I bought the asics. check that both have the same pattern.
And yes, you can play barefoot even if that's what you like, but for optimal conditions a good padel/tenis shoe will improve your game.