What you're interested in is called eschatology. The abrahamic traditions (Judaism, Christianity, Islam) have more of the "imminent" portion of apocalyptic thinking than others do because they share a common root and belief in a "messiah" that will show up and make everything better, but there are plenty of religions with apocalyptic components. They likely share roots from proto-indo-european religion, of which little is known; this is why most of the apocalyptic religions are derived in areas comprised of PIE speakers.
For a few specific examples - American Apocalypse for the development of American evangelical apocalyptic thinking and its influence on contemporary politics. The ISIS apocalypse for how apocalyptic thinking guided ISIS, which the author argues is essentially an Islamic doomsday cult analogous to fundamentalist evangelical Christians, and Armies of Heaven for a convincing argument that the First Crusade was, at heart, an apocalyptic / millennialist project.
There's a great book about this called American Apocalypse.