Not the original commenter, but this is the one my dentist recommended and I use!
CariFree CTx4 is the brand of toothpaste containing nano-hydroxyapatite that I use. NHA is arguably superior to NovaMin as used in European sensodyne, but I think there's enough research to show that both are superior to plain fluoride.
Carifree actually has a whole suite of products like mouthwash, xylitol gums, mouth-wetting sprays for dry-mouth, etc, that they've developed into an anti-cavity program that some dentists 'prescribe' their high-risk patients.
Here's some of the studies:
>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3636833/
>The use of biomimetic nanohydroxyapatite as a remineralizing agent holds promise as a new synthetic enamel biocompatible material to repair early carious lesions.
>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4252862/
>The nano-hydroxyapatite is a revolutionary material with a wide use in dentistry. With regard to restorative and preventive fields, nano-hydroxyapatite has remarkable remineralizing effects on initial lesions of enamel, certainly higher than traditional fluorides used until now for this purpose. Nano-hydroxyapatite is, in fact, a better source of free Ca, and this is a key element as regards the remineralization, the protection against caries and dental erosion.
>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23633804
>Thirty sound human premolars were divided into nanohydroxyapatite group (n = 15) and the sodium fluoride group (n = 15)...The results showed that the nanohydroxyapatite group produced a surface morphology close to the biologic enamel, the increase in mineral content (Ca/P ratio) was more significant in the nanohydroxyapatite group (P < 0.05) and the SMH recovery was closer to the baseline level in the nanohydroxyapatite group (P < 0.05).
>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24960376
>Forty-eight human enamel blocks were assigned to four groups (N=12): (1) control (without agent); (2) fluoride varnish (Duraphat); (3) nano-HAP paste (Desensibilize Nano P); and (4) casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste (MI Paste Plus)...After the cariogenic challenge, the nano-HAP group showed significantly higher KHN and %SMHR values than varnish. The CPP-ACP group showed no increase in KHN. The nano-HAP group showed, via AFM, a protective layer formation with globular deposits on the surface....SMHR and AFM morphology revealed that nano-hydroxyapatite paste showed a protective effect against in vitro enamel caries development.
>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22403978
>nHAP dentifrice caused remineralization comparable to a fluoride dentifrice, and inhibited caries development, thus suggesting that an nHAP dentifrice can be an effective alternative to fluoride toothpaste.
>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27891458
>It was concluded that all the three desensiting agents were effective in the dentine tubule occlusion. In addition efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste was greater compared to the other desensiting agents.
Novamin seems somewhat similar, it's a "bioglass" that is supposed to fill gaps in enamel and reduce tooth sensitivity, though it may also promote remineralization. Like I said, it's in sensodyne (interesting, it is not in US sensodyne, only in other countries like Canada and the UK).
>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27813093
>The scoring and the percentage of occluded dentinal tubules by Novamin containing toothpaste was significantly better compared to arginine or the control toothpaste.
Here's a link to that ctx4 stuff: http://www.amazon.com/CariFree-CTx4-Dentist-Recommended-Anti-Cavity/dp/B00QJA4GB4