The most useful filters are: 1. A moon/neutral density filter. I have an Orion 13% one that works well with my Orion 130EQ which appears to be about the same aperture as your scope. Basically this is like sunglasses for your telescope to prevent the moon from being too bright.
There are a couple more specialized filters that are only useful on a smaller percentage of DSOs where they might outperform the more general narrowband but with that size scope I wouldn't bother.
On astrophotography... You can probably take pics of the moon with that scope and a camera adaptor. Maybe low detail shots of the brighter planets? But to take pictures of DSOs or more detailed planet shots needs specific equipment. I'm interested in doing this too, but even a beginner level setup with all used gear is expensive.
If you want to give it a go, look on Amazon for adaptors for your camera brand that insert into the eyepiece tube. For example, I have a Pentax camera so I might use this: https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B013DT8OIE/ref=ox_sc_sfl_title_30?ie=UTF8&psc=1&smid=AHQ6VCR020F8X
However, I would not expect that much out of it.