This is what we use on VW/Audi oil pans: Timesert
Unfortunately the Timesert kit is fairly pricey and likely isn't worth the 1 time use. I can't say for sure as I've never done it, but it might be easier to just change the oil pan.
Another potential alternative its to JB-Weld the plug into the pan and then suck the oil out from the top from now on with one of these: Oil Pump. Arguably not the best option, but it will work just fine.
The canisters that the oil filters go in are usually very tight because there is an o-ring pinched in there. It's likely worth the investment to buy the correct wrench rather than risk damaging anything else.
And lastly, don't get discouraged! I've found sometimes the best way to learn is to break something. Chances are, you won't make the same mistake again.