What is Reddit's opinion of One Move Too Many. How to Understand the Injuries and Overuse Syndroms of Rock Climbing?
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Nothing against Dave, but here is a very very good book on the same topic of the leading climbing-doc of germany

The pain sounds a bit like an inflammation of a tendon sheath (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenosynovitis) which I had once, though the popping noise is rather worrying. It hints to a rupture like others said already. The pain should also radiate to the injured finger and the to your forearm.

Go see a doc again and get an ultrasonic done, xray wont show anything if the soft parts of your hands are injured. A rupture should be clearly visible I think.

If you can't find a doc that can help you I can recommend this book: http://www.amazon.com/Understand-Injuries-Overuse-Syndroms-Climbing/dp/3928026208/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1416647554&sr=8-1&keywords=one+move+too+many

The author is working in the Frankenjura and is specialized on climbers injuries, it's a really good book to diagnose any of those. A new version of it was published in German earlier this year, I dont know how fast the translation process is but if you can find a more recent one than 2003 then get that one I guess.