The red white and yellow ports on the back of your computer are on your soundcard and cannot accept video. You will need a video capture card. Amazon sells a USB version for $10 (US)
Honestly, I'd do it yourself. If you don't have one, pick up an 8 mm camcorder on ebay (they surprisingly sell for more than you'd think, but should be able to score one for $50-$60), and a USB video capture card (Amazon has a ton of options starting at ~$12, for example https://www.amazon.com/REDGO-Video-Capture-Converter-Adapter/dp/B01E5ITE2W/). You have to record the videos to your computer in real-time (so it takes some time to transfer a lot), but it's cheap and quite easy.
For old VHS, the quality is likely going to depend on the player and condition of the tape media itself more than the capture device. I've used captured hundreds of hours of vhs footage with a device like this:
It works fine.
I got this cable from Amazon (there are many more expensive options, but I'm poor and cheap and this has worked fine for me). My husband hooked it all up for me but I don't think it's hard if you're not super tech-y. It comes with software to transfer the VHS to your hard drive, and transfers at a 1:1 rate, which basically means you play the tape in real time. Then I think the files save as WMV, so we got a free program (Handbrake) to convert them to mp4 and we uploaded them to a private YouTube channel we set up for my mom. Once we get them all done* we'll transfer them to a USB for her, or you could burn them to DVD. It takes a while, but I think it's probably her favorite gift ever.
*I did a ton for Christmas but couldn't find the VHS-C, she found them and those are next on the list as soon as I get the adapter.
For capture into Raspberry Pi's for r_e_c_u_r and waaave_pool I've used this cheap one without issues: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01E5ITE2W/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_apa_i_cGtwFbTVPZKYJ
For capture into my main computer to record output, I use a blackmagic intensity shuttle. They're discontinued but can be found relatively cheaply on ebay. The software is kind of buggy and not very fun to use, but there are a lot of third party tools for using the video stream with other video art tools.
I used a USB capture card from Amazon.com. The device comes with a CD software to use for capturing, but I don't have a CD drive on my computer. If you look in the "Questions" section of the US Amazon posting, the vendor posts a MEGA download link of the ripping software on Windows 10.
The software does rip blind on my computer (no preview while recording), so it helps to have an extra tv connected to the vcr to see the video while your recording.
This device converts from NTSC to mpeg, then transmits the digital mpeg over USB to your computer. It is amateur quality, but very good for the money.
It's worth pointing out your recording is only as good as your vcr. For example a cheap Magnavox will have lines, distortion, and be washed out. Converting VHS to digital is kinda a pain.
REDGO Video Audio VHS VCR USB Video Capture Card to DVD Converter Capture Card Adapter
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01E5ITE2W/ref=cm_sw_r_other_apa_i_FiW2Eb5T480E3
I think your best option is to use and RCA capture device like this. Once that's all hooked up you should be able to either use your editing software, or a free screen recorder like Open Broadcaster to record the streams.
That assumes that your TV has the ability to output video signal though. What model of TV is it?
But you can, if you try hard and believe in ~~yourself~~ Amazon.
It's the 'red go' one. here is the link via Amazon.ca.
It just works out of the box. Does your video card bind to video0 ?
This card binds video0 to the composite video in and video1 is the svideo input. OAP by default uses video0 for the rear view camera but can be changed by editing the openauto-system.ini file.
You just need a capture card for your computer, Amazon sells lots of usb ones from the very cheap like this ($13) which might be a pain to setup and capture from if you aren't wanting to do some troubleshooting if it doesn't work, to very expensive. Personally I would go with something like this Hauppage, ($50) it's a trusted name and comes with capture software (otherwise you'd need something like adobe premiere or another video editing program that can "ingest" from the usb device.
Transferring vhs and cassette will occur in real time, so whatever the length of content is, is how long it will take to record (not like digital files). You could probably record the audio cassette tapes using that video capture card, though I'm not 100% it does an audio only capture. Otherwise you can get a 3.5 stereo cable and go from the headphone out of your player/walkman into the audio input (usually a pink mic input) on your computer. If your cassette device is rca -red/white - you'll need an rxa to 3.5 cable. If your computer is a laptop or doesn't have an audio input, something like this should work. Then use a software like Audacity to record on the computer.
They are all over Amazon and have lots of different brands for the same thing. I've had luck with this one.
The Serial-Digital Interface is a professional connector (it has the ability to lock the cable onto it's connector.)
To get from your camera to the mini monitor is a headache.
You'll be upscaling SD to HD and that's going to cause interlacing problems. I wouldn't use it. I know you're looking at it as something 'cheaper'. By the time you're done getting the right cables, the intensity is a better deal.
I took a quick look at consumer devices like this
The problem with all of them, will be that they won't bring it in uncompressed.
It'll be one of three formats:
You're welcome to dig deeper - here's B&H's list