You want mountain house freeze dried food. It is expensive but is within your budget and satisfies all your requirements. They are individually packaged into meals for hikers doing physical work all day.
Life boat rations are cheaper and require no water. You will want a portable and cheap sterno stove and sterno cans to boil water. But you can also use cold water to rehydrate the food. Mylar blankets are cheap but the reversible orange mylar tarps last longer and are easier to sleep with. It is easier to make clean water than to carry it but a gallon of water should last someone 3 days. The gallon a day of water recommended by ready.gov includes water for washing.
If you need a kit for work then a standard 72 hour survival kit with a few individual freeze dried meals would suffice and is near your budget. A lot of preppers plan for short term emergencies, that are really just short term inconveniences and over emphasize making and optimizing their own 72 hour kit or basic boo boo first aid kit.
If this is for your company and boss then buy the solution that is done in a professional way and can be scaled and standardized without a lot of hassle.