I posted basically this exact same message a year ago and someone suggested Appointed notebooks, as well as this one: https://www.amazon.com/TOPS-Computation-Inches-Numbered-Quadrille/dp/B000F78JLU
(I was able to find a backstock at a shop near my house and bought out the entire stock of rollbahn xl - hope it will last me a while but I do not look forward to the day I run out - I really do not want to use any other notebook ever)
These are pretty much the standard that's most common in lab courses https://www.amazon.com/Computation-Inches-Double-Numbered-Quadrille/dp/B000F78JLU/ref=sr_1_fkmr2_1?s=industrial&ie=UTF8&qid=1514940214&sr=8-1-fkmr2&keywords=national+computation+notebook+spiral
For research, I use a Tops Computation Book. They're easy to read, pages are numbered, paper is thick, and you can dump a mug of coffee on them taking late-night data and your writing will still be visible.
For coursework, I just use a five-star three subject notebook. It works, and I have everything in one place.
TOPS 35061 - the best. Double wire-bound, buff color, quad-ruled, numbered pages. Sits flat on the desk. Write both sides of every page with any ink you like.
TOPS Computation Notebook - as my review there says, AMPAD 22-157 used to be the best but they moved production to Mexico and basically turned to shit. The TOPS notebook is not quite as good as the old AMPAD version but it is still very, very good. I use one of these daily with fountain pens - wet Pelikan M800 F for writing, Sailor 1911 Heritage 91 SF for the diagrams. Check the customer images to see the pleasing buff yellow quad lined teal.
They sit truly flat and it is good thick paper so you won't see bleed through - I've tested many kinds of ink.
They are relatively expensive, like most things that are the best in their class. I buy them by the box.
Update for anyone wondering the same thing - I did manage to find one company that seems to have 6 mm as their most common spacing, and also some 7 mm options - Nakabayashi. According to reviews it's very fountain pen friendly. And they come in spiral bound! Here's a link to a PDF from their website that breaks down the unorthodox spacing/grid options for one of their models, the "Logical Prime":
https://www.nakabayashi.co.jp/_files/EnProduct/0/62/pdf/Logical-prime-e.pdf
I was able to find variations of the notebook at many US stores and on Amazon. One example: https://greerchicago.com/products/logical-prime-notebook-ring-binding-a5-or-b5?variant=22006458875952
For the squared grid option from Nakabayashi, which is really what I prefer, I was only able to find options from companies in India (Makoba and Online Mantra). So being obsessive about notebooks, I just fired off an order to India despite what I expect to be a month+ wait given the COVID situation there...
MEANWHILE, it turns out that 1/4 inch (or 6.35 mm) is a semi-common spacing for more scientific notebooks. Couldn't find a whole lot of options that fit my criteria (and were spiral) but I did find this, which apparently has high quality paper despite looking extremely bland: https://www.amazon.com/TOPS-Computation-Inches-Numbered-Quadrille/dp/B000F78JLU/ref=cm_cr_arp_d_product_top?ie=UTF8
Replacement found!
https://www.amazon.com/TOPS-Computation-Inches-Numbered-Quadrille/dp/B000F78JLU
Slightly larger than the Rollbahn, but meets all essential criteria. Mine just arrived and the cover and paper are both high quality.
I found the journal I use (TOPS computation book) on an extreme discount on amazon.
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B000F78JLU/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o00_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1