Read this book. It may help answer some of your questions and give you better insights into how the admission process really works at US universities, specially the elite ones
Fellow parent here- the helicopter parent comments are out of place. You’re asking a legitimate question. The more you learn about the process the more stressful it becomes.
It sounds like he has as good of a chance as anyone with similar stats and it’s going to come down to essays and extracurriculars. Do the ECs support his academic path and interests? If so, that’s to his benefit.
I’ve come to the conclusion that’s it’s all kind of random at some level, so put your eggs in a lot of baskets.
This book is so informative.
https://www.amazon.com/Who-Gets-Why-College-Admissions/dp/1982116293
If you have to ask, you’re not seeing the bigger picture.
https://www.amazon.com/Who-Gets-Why-College-Admissions/dp/1982116293/
https://www.amazon.com/Who-Gets-Why-College-Admissions/dp/1982116293/
Pretty sure the Scoir podcast mentions this too.
What is a core 40. If you want an insight on college admissions read this book: https://www.amazon.com/Who-Gets-Why-College-Admissions/dp/1982116293 It’s extremely complicated and goes beyond grades. What year are you?