Do you have a copy of Visual Studio 2012 Professional or greater? You can install ankhsvn and you can execute SQL from Visual Studio 2012 with CTRL+Shift+E instead of F5.
I know things like Git are super popular right now, but personally I'd recommend Subversion (SVN). From your post, you seem to be in a Windows shop so you can get VisualSVN Server for free, it's really easy to install and supports Active Directory users.
Then you can use TortoiseSVN which integrates with the Windows shell as a SVN client.
If you use Visual Studio, AnkhSVN will give you SVN support from within VS.
So why not Git? I tried using Git and frankly on Windows it's a real pain to even figure out. It's like you have to know how Git works internally before you can use it. The tools for SVN are just more mature and they just work.
Why not github? Why would you pay for some third party to host your valuable code in "the cloud"? Call me paranoid but I keep my crap on my own servers.
If you are in a really big team and want to do lots of branching it may be worth it to figure out Git. But if your team is small or works on independent sites then SVN will definitely do the job and you will be up to speed pretty fast.
Create an account on bitbucket or github, once you do that you can invite your friends so they can comment and even edit/branch the code if you give them permission. For Visual Studio 2010/2012 I use ankhsvn for subversion - http://ankhsvn.open.collab.net/
Out of curiosity I had a look at the AnkhSVN FAQ page and it looks like there is a difference in the two tools.
AnkhSVN implements the VAPI SCC and Agent SVN implements the MS-SCCI.
This means AnkhSVN will work with Visual Studio but it will not work for tools like PowerBuilder or TestComplete which are MS-SCCI.
AnhkSVN offers a true, native SVN solution for Visual Studio. I used to work with VisualSVN but it hasn't been updated for a year now, it "forgets" when some files are added to the solution and it depends on TortoiseSVN which makes the integration kind of weird.
I've only switched recently to Ankh (I had tried it before and it had more crashes that I was ready to cope with) but now it feels pretty stable.
I made a custom build system that works great, using PowerShell, robocopy, ControlTier, TeamCity, SVN, TortoiseSVN and ankhsvn .. TortoiseGIT and VS.NET Git Extensions also exists .. I've even found a way to track all changes by ticket number, associated with our ticketing system (SpiraTeam) with SVN Comments (using SharpSVN) and a homebrew SQL Server data auditing system I wrote (using a combination of SQL triggers, SQL Server Broker, and stuffing the WSID connection string variable with the ticket number from our application)..
There are so many ways to skin a cat.