The data was cleaned up and formatted in python 3.6. I use Prism, since I like the way the figures look. FYI it's a good Excel alternative if you plan on doing research in medical school.
I'd recommend using something like ggplot which follows the convention of The Grammar of Graphics. Or, make a skeleton plot in Matlab, export to PDF, and use something like illustrator to make things look aesthetically nice (as suggested by /u/MikeVladimirov). I also really like Graphpad Prism for plotting categorical or experimental data (i.e. things less mathematical)
You probably skipped the Materials and methods
section, where it is said:
>"Statistics were done using GraphPad Prism."
My bet: GraphPad Prism produced the picture.
I learn best by example and by doing, so I would recommend downloading an app called Prism and learn by example. Their website is also very good at explaining concepts to medical professionals in your position. https://www.graphpad.com/scientific-software/prism/