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I suggest downloading TeX Live, and doing your editing using TeXworks, which is part of the package (I think), then generate your files using pdfLaTeX.
(Note: my experience with this is limited to windows)
If you get the standard packages from the LaTeX project they come with standard applications. Take a look at this latex project page. Note that TeX live "includes all major TeX-related programs."
I strongly recommend you download TeXLive from here, and manually install it.
DO NOT USE sudo apt-get install texlive-full. It breaks TeXLive into multi-packages and leaves you without LaTeX packages manager.
Yes, you can install TeX Live onto a USB stick.
Get the installation files, and when you run the installer, be sure to toggle "Portable setup." (See Figure 1 for the install menu and the option for "Portable setup".)
I've never done this, mind you. But it looks straightforward enough.
There is a link to TexLive 2010 iso torrent here.
This is actually what I used to get texlive installed on my linux laptop because the net installer was getting stuck for some reason.
Is your platform Windows?
Anyway, is it correct that you want to install from a USB or a DVD? Certainly possible, and I have done it (I'm a Linux person so I'm not sure I can directly help with your system). For TL you do this, but there must be a similar system for MiKTeX.
Never heard of <em>pfarrei</em>. Seems pretty specialized but I suppose if that is your speciality ... :-)
Likewise with <em>msxlint</em>.
If you are just starting out then your main interest is in pdflatex. If that the case for you then welcome to the community.
If you're using linux it's in the repos, just search for latex. If you're on a mac download mactex. If you're on Windows, I have no idea but you should be able to get TeX Live here and here are the release notes.
If you're worried about the color there's a boolean you can set to false that will change it to all black, and a "darknight" awesome color option that makes it just a slightly different black.
As far as everything else, you edit the .tex files for each section independently. In resume.tex you add you personal information for the header, and footer, and don't forget to put a % before things you don't want, e.g. a quote at the top.
Oh, and this has the paper size set to A4, so toggle it letterpaper
\documentclass[11pt, letterpaper]{awesome-cv}
I think unless you have linux you have to download software such as TeX Live, which is available for Linux, Unix based OSes, Windows and Mac.
FontForge might be able to convert it into a normal format, you can download it on github or SourceForge.
Do you have the Ubuntu TeX Live or the source TeX Live? If the former, get the latter.
I don't know biber myself but if just wiping the Ubuntu TeX and installing http://www.tug.org/texlive/acquire-netinstall.html doesn't do you then you could have a look here.
I second TheSpaceRat. I'm just wild guessing here, but assuming you're in the initial stages of your studies. Do it now, it will be uncomfortable for a report or two, but you'll profit throughout your studies. Any time spent in that glitchy piece of shit is time lost. The markup in Word is just so inefficient, time consuming and often down right buggy. Equations: much nicer in LaTeX, much more freedom. For small reports Word is "fine", but if you ever need to write a 100 page document or have to work with multiple people on one, Word is a nightmare.
Story short: install texlive from the website or your distro's repo. Get a IDE, Texmaker is a good introductory program. If you're good with vim or either emacs you can also use those, they're both amazing for TeX. WikiBooks on LaTeX is a very neat resource. Any questions about starting out feel free to PM me.
On topic: very nice background. Some HST pic I presume? Mind sharing?
As you I haven't the slightest idea. I always install the latest full TeX live distribution and that installs all I ever need/use, including tools like tex4ht.
I find the TeX and LaTeX system seriously complicated to get into. I am grateful for the TeX User Group folks building the TeX Live distribution so that I can use LaTeX without too much of a hassle.
So get the latest. Seriously. And consider running slackware for a year so you know how it feels to manually check dependencies, build configs and compile things.
The last time I checked (a few months ago), the Debian folks were planning on restructuring the texlive-* packages and Ubuntu is waiting on that work to be finished.
If you want to use the latest version of TeX Live in the meantime, I'd recommend uninstalling all the texlive-* packages, installing TeX Live from its website (which gains you the tlmgr program so you can stay up to date as new TeX packages are released). I also recommend creating a dummy package to fool Ubuntu/Debian that you have the texlive-* packages installed: http://www.tug.org/texlive/debian.html.
I'm using Ubuntu with Kile. TeXMaker is great, and I used it for quite awhile, but I am in love with Kile (Warning: it's a big install since it has to install all the KDE libraries).
Did you install TeXLive as your TeX distribution? You shouldn't have to download any packages individually, unless you need some very obscure packages. (Of course, you will still have to use "\addpackage" in your document). It should have come standard with TeXMaker, but maybe it didn't for some reason. If you don't have it, you should be able to install it from Synaptec Package Manager, or you can download it from CTAN.
I know what you mean about getting distracted writing your thesis, but when you finally have time, this might help get you started with the command line. It's what I used to learn.
This link says "bugs," but it includes updates as well: https://www.tug.org/texlive/bugs.html
There is also this, which is nearly identical to the above link: http://www.tug.org/texlive/doc/texlive-en/texlive-en.html#news
I'm on Windows 10, and I followed the links from latex-project.org to this webpage http://www.tug.org/texlive/ and downloaded the installer. I had no idea what I was doing; I just picked what I thought looked okay.
Quick question OP: what operating system are you using?
LaTeX is weird in that there are a number of different pieces of software that work together behind the scenes to produce the document, and installing the entire LaTeX system to do this can be kinda complicated the first time you do it.
On Windows, I use the TeX Live distribution, which has download and installation instructions here. There are probably several tutorials on YouTube that will walk you through the process if things get complicated.
UPDATE
Okay guys, as suggested by /u/JimH10, I've reinstalled TeX Live using tug.org's install files.
However, I don't really understand the Post-install steps on the official guide and on the output itself:
Add /usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/doc/man to MANPATH. Add /usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/doc/info to INFOPATH. Most importantly, add /usr/local/texlive/2017/bin/i386-linux to your PATH for current and future sessions.
What are MANPATH and INFOPATH and what is it that I have to add to them?
Again, thank you all for your help!
I'm under OS X and I use TeXShop for writing/rendering. What you want is TeXLive. When I began using LaTeX, I downloaded MacTeX, which is based on TexLive, to provide me everything I need.
I haven't yet had the joy of installing a package manually, as I am using MiKTeX. However I've stumbled over the following: TeXLive Documentation.
Maybe a command like tlmgr install skak would help. If that fails you could try to extract the files to the folders mentioned here. The indexer for step 4 shoud be texhash.
HTH