One of the main inspirations for Vintage Story is actually the Minecraft mod TerraFirmaCraft. (Just.. for anyone who did not already know that) There's also a modpack I played for many months called TerraFirmaPunk which brings in some other mods not usually compatible with TFC and integrates them quite well.
ECO comes to mind, in which you can harvest and mine materials to build structures and machines that allow you to craft more things. But it's much more focused on cooperation (and the structuring thereof) with lots of other people and simulating environmental impact. "Can you save the planet from a disaster before you destroy it yourself?"
Staxel might be a game that captures more of the housekeeping, farming and animal husbandry part of Vintage Story. I'm mentioning this because I've been quite enjoying hopping onto a multiplayer server about every other day to harvest farms, feed animals, collect cattail and harvest the bee skeps. (Obviously there's other games - like Stardew Valley - that do some of the same, but I figured Staxel might be the most similar.)
(Then there was also "TUG" by Nerd Kingdom, which unfortunately flopped a couple of years ago. But I'm not sure in what ways to compare it, since I've never looked too deeply into it.)