There aren't any 1:1 MySudo alternatives for Android that I can recommend. There are a couple services that will mask phone numbers somewhat internationally, but they don't work in all countries. Blur will mask numbers (paid feature) and Masqt will as well (also paid).
Blur works here
> Masked Phones are supported in the following countries: > > * Austria > * Germany > * Belgium > * Denmark > * Finland > * France > * Ireland > * Italy > * Netherlands > * Poland > * Portugal > * South Africa > * Spain > * Sweden > * United States > * United Kingdom
Masqt works here
> Where are Masqt phone numbers available? > > We are currently offering numbers in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the United States, Canada, and Australia.
Prepaid service is the only other thing I can recommend currently if these options are available in your country. All of the other apps and services aren't privacy friendly.