You're probably not going to want to dump the whole MFT as it will end up containing hundreds of megabytes of text that will be difficult to parse, much of which will be useless data anyway. A better way to do what you're asking might be to use an indexing tool like Everything Search to scan the MFT and collect the most useful metadata like each file path, name, size, and modification date, then export its database to another drive for safekeeping. It's easy to use and mostly self-explanatory, and it will let you quickly search the index for any file or folder (its main purpose).
Also, I love that you replied to my comment complaining about a bong to ask this question.