This app was mentioned in 5 comments, with an average of 1.80 upvotes
Their UI is better than your current app. Also call confirm by 7bit was last updated in 2010.
You can try this. Developer is well known for his call blocker app. App was last updated on 26th February, 2017. It has in app purchase. You can buy it for full functionality.
To further your answer, Nova Launcher supports 'locked' ~~screens~~ Desktop.
Call Confirm looks like it might fit your need. I have not worked with it before.
Edit: word substitution - s/screens/Desktop
I've had that happen and use this now:
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.vladlee.callconfirm.free
Have to enter a pin before it'll send the call. ~~I think it was back when my lockscreen had the dialer shortcut, and you could open the dialer without unlocking the phone. I'm not sure what I did to change that, but it's set to the google app now. Nova?~~ Nevermind, apparently it was a feature of Marshmallow. Durrr...
Yup
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.vladlee.callconfirm.free
Please reply with "Solved" if this did the trick. Thanks.
Try Call Confirm.