I use Slacko and love it. Super speedy and with a few tweaks you can get any browser to pretty much be acceptable. That said, the new Xenialpup looks pretty handy.
I would highly recommend Arch Linux! It's a very customizable and lightweight distro. You do however need some experience with the terminal as you only get the base system(with systemd and everything setup) and a package manager. There is an outstanding wiki and community though, just like Puppy Linux's. https://www.archlinux.org/
Those machines are beasts for Puppy.
Puppy loads itself into RAM and then creates a RAM disk to act as a local file system.
When you shutdown the system, the filesystem changes are flushed back to the secondary storage.
(1. there is also a list of repositories, here
http://puppylinux.org/wikka/PuppySites
(2. Puppy is created entirely by volunteers. New releases come out when a developer feels motivated to fix or add something.
I think the best place to go for more information is here, and then sort of wander around. The people over there are a lot more knowledgeable than I am and reading what's over there will give you a lot more insight than I can.
Generally speaking, the many flavors of Puppy are pretty idiosyncratic in terms of how they work and what they do. It's not just that you're always root - there's just a fundamentally different feel and way of doing things. Though there are a ton of pups out there, they all have this unusual feel.
The best way to really find what you like is to try a bunch of different versions and see how they fit. The Quirky/Slacko/etc versions that are very popular all feel the same, and even my favorite LXPup feels like that.
The big differences that I've noticed aren't so much in the broad strokes of the versions (they pretty much work the same) but in how well my computer runs them. I'd like to test drive Simplicity, but it just doesn't work for me. Same with Fatdog. The more traditional pups work well for me, so I play with them more. My Chromebook doesn't run Puppy at all, so I use Ubuntu instead.
Do some reading at the link I posted and Google the things that look interesting. After that, it's time to download the isos and see what you like.
boot a livecd / liveusb and check if you can see the drive normally. or you can run gparted and see if the hdd is listed.
e.g. inspect output of lsblk and blkid commands. also
ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/
puppy has its own installer , but you can make a simple install with basic knowledge of partitioning tools and syslinux.
if hdd is detected normally, you can try these steps : http://puppylinux.org/wikka/InstallationFullHDD
this link is the best step by step guide afaik : http://murga-linux.com/puppy/viewtopic.php?t=29653
You'll need two flash drives. Copy the puppy iso to one drive using Universal USB Installer then boot from it. Insert the other drive, open gparted, format the whole thing as ext3, then set the bootable flag. You don't need swap for Puppy in my experience. Run the Puppy installer and do a full install to the flash drive you just formatted. Chose heavy encryption and run from RAM. Good luck.
Puppy Linux is generally stripped down with many 'unnecessary' libraries etc. removed. It is also not very good at detecting dependencies.
You need to make sure the .PET is made for the version of Puppy being used.
To trouble shoot the problem run the program from the terminal. This will likely return an error message saying 'such-and-such library missing'.
It would be useful if you gave an example of a specific .PET that fails.
More info:
Try using this https://unetbootin.github.io/
Edit: After using unetbootin to install a Puppy distro to your USB, you then can load puppy as you normally would, from there you can install puppy a few different ways to another USB or Harddrive, using options from the Menu.
Command for python 3.0 and up:
>python -m http.server 8000
8000 is the port which you can choose any above 1000 (as long as is not a designated one like 443 for https)
Then on your cellphone (that is connected to the same router) open up a browser and type:
The IP is the one where puppy linux is using.
To stop the server just close the terminal window or hit keys ctrl + c.
To clarify this from your computer to your phone e.g. movies, mp3s...etcetera
For the other way around (android phone to computer) I have used "SimpleHttpServer" app: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=jp.ubi.common.http.server&hl=en_US&gl=US
I've been running Slacko for a while and had trouble with compatible wifi adapters. I eventually got a Panda that works great.