I haven't used an iPhone, but you can definitely do a lot in android in that regard, but switching OSes isn't going to help solve the problem.
It's easier to add friction on android. I make all the icons white so they don't stand apart. Disable pretty much all notifications (Android has fine control over that). I went a step further and did some modding (doesn't break your warranty, but it definitely is technical and can feel like that if you're inexperienced) so that the apps that i use that are distracting automatically make the screen turn into grayscale mode.
All those things are nice and help with the issue, but they don't get RID of the issue. If you're considering switching to android for this, a far better solution would be the app called freedom (https://freedom.to) , It's kinda expensive ($7/month, or $29/Year, or $65 forever), but it syncs across all your devices and blocks whatever you want, and is pretty effective.