http://www.akruto.com/backup-phone-contacts-calendar/icloud-contacts-to-outlook/
Has quite a few steps but it's straight forward enough.
Go into Settings > Accounts & sync > Make sure "Auto-sync data" is not checked.
Then you Add Account > Email and enter the information from your Microsoft email.
That should get it to sync with Outlook and stop Gmail sync. As for synchronizing tasks, calendars and notes -- you'll probably need a third party app for that because Android doesn't have this built-in to work with Outlook.
Sync Outlook Calendar and Contacts Options: http://www.akruto.com/sync-outlook-calendar-and-contacts-with-phone/
Not sure if I can help with your first problem, but for the second, I suggest concentrating all your contacts in Outlook just like you said. We had a similar issue with syncing corporate Outlook calendar amoung emloyees. Fixed that with Akruto: http://www.akruto.com/best-ways-to-sync-android-with-microsoft-outlook/
If the standard way doesn't work, try AkrutoSync. It's a tool for syncing Outlook data between PC and smartphone. Here is the guide http://www.akruto.com/sync-galaxy-s8-with-outlook-without-the-cloud/
Are you using Outlook app on your device? It’s good for syncing emails, but when it comes to calendars or contacts, there's no reliable solution aside from using the cloud or 3-rd party software. Using a separate calendar app for Gmail and Outlook sounds messy and make, as well as switching between calendar app each time you need to see your appointments doesn't sound user-friendly. There's a solution that will gather all your calendar entries together in one place. It's called Akruto and it works with calendars, contacts, tasks and notes. This tool works with native phone calendar app, so you do not need to install a new one and still can keep your Google calendar synced. Here is a guide on how to use it with LG G6: http://www.akruto.com/sync-lg-g6-with-outlook/
KEYone is another Android device from BlackBerry so everything that works for an average Android device, should work for KEYone. It can be sort of OS/hardware problem (I've seen PRIV that refused to sync while another one synced with no issues). You can test that with connecting over Outlook.com cloud. This should help you sync data between desktop Outlook and KEYone. Another option which I'm currently using because of its support for working with native phone's calendar and contacts app is Akruto. It works great with any Android device and syncs everything automatically. It's a shareware and costs money after the trial period, but I think $2.99 per month isn't a huge amount of money for having everything work the way it should. Here's a link to see how it works: http://www.akruto.com/best-ways-to-sync-android-with-microsoft-outlook/
For the 'how to' questioners, are you asking to do this from a local PC to the watch? I'm making an assumption that you're using a hosted email provider and can sync from the cloud to your phone.
Perhaps something like this might allow you to do it all locally (PC->phone->watch):
YMMV
This could be a minor technical issue on Microsoft side. To find out whether the problem is not on your phone's side, install Akruto and try to sync local Outlook contacts with your iPhone: http://www.akruto.com/sync-iphone-with-outlook/
If that wouldn't help, it means that there's something wrong with your phone's OS. If Akruto helps, this is Microsoft's fault and they would probably fix this in the next several hours.
You can try AkrutoSync:
http://www.akruto.com/best-ways-to-sync-android-with-microsoft-outlook/
It works with the native Android calendar app, so you don't have to install anything else. You can choose between syncing via Wi-Fi hotspot and syncing over the Internet, no option to sync data over USB.
Well, if you have these contacts in your desktop Outlook you can automatically sync them with your iPhone using Akruto:
http://www.akruto.com/sync-iphone-with-outlook/
It will transfer everything to the native iPhone contacts app where all your contacts are stored.
Another option is to switch to iCloud for syncing Outlook contacts. Why are you using their People app at all?
That's strange Exchange server should not overwrite your contacts data. Have you tried using Outlook.com cloud or with any other Exchange server? This might be a solution to your problem or at least you would know where's the problem.
Also, if you don't mind using 3-rd party software here's a video tutorial that shows how to sync Galaxy S7 with Outlook:
http://www.akruto.com/best-ways-to-sync-android-with-microsoft-outlook/
>It's weird I have an option to sync outlook and/or MS Exchange server.
I guess you're talking about Outlook.com cloud and Exchange ActiveSync server. Which one you are using now and whether you tried another method?
Yes, as it was stated by g10str4, you can't sync your signatures across devices as this is what you need to set up locally on each device. For categories, you can try using Akruto:
http://www.akruto.com/sync-iphone-with-outlook/
It can sync desktop Outlook calendars with both Android and iOS. I think it supports syncing categories as well. The only possible problem is that your default calendar app could have no support for showing the categories. In this case, you need to switch to the app that has this feature.
http://www.akruto.com/firewall-configuration/avast-internet-security-firewall-configuration/
Follow that until you're on "application rules". Then either search or use the filter to find the above files and make sure they're allowed/trusted.
You can use Akruto to sync S calendar with your Outlook calendar (works via Wi-Fi or Internet, no USB syncing). Here's a link: http://www.akruto.com/best-ways-to-sync-android-with-microsoft-outlook/
You can sync iPhone and WP calendars through Outlook. Check this guide to see how it works with iPhone (WP experience is the same): http://www.akruto.com/sync-iphone-with-outlook/
Syncing over the Internet is a bit more complicated, but after spending 20 minutes I manage to sync both devices. The only real con is that you need to make sure your PC is always online to sync data.
If your father wants to keep his private information out of the cloud, he'll need third party software. There are a few good options. Which one depends on his needs. Here's a blog post that might help: http://www.akruto.com/sync-outlook-calendar-and-contacts-with-phone/
Third party software is your best option. Which one depends on your needs. This blog post has a chart so you can find one that meets your needs and works with both Android and iPad. http://www.akruto.com/sync-outlook-calendar-and-contacts-with-phone/
Hope this helps.
I had researched this myself because I was struggling to sync Outlook through iTunes. Wi-Fi didn't work either. I don't like running iTunes because it slows my computer.
There are third party apps that can do this with less effort. Which one to get depends on your needs. This post lists things to look for in a solution as well as available solutions: http://www.akruto.com/sync-outlook-calendar-and-contacts-with-phone/
(FYI: This points to one of the solution providers, but this list was more complete than some of the other lists I saw, which would miss an app or two.)
There are quite a few good third party apps that can do this and require NOTHING else. Which to get depends on your needs. This post lists things to look for in a solution: http://www.akruto.com/sync-outlook-calendar-and-contacts-with-phone/