There's Android. There's Sailfish OS. There's even Ubuntu Touch, which was an official Ubuntu for phones and tablets, now a community project.
As to why firmware doesn't make it back upstream: because they're binary blobs. Lineage and other projects based of of AOSP have to do a lot of work to extract these, since most hardware suppliers don't make them available, and you won't find the source anywhere. And blobs can't be shipped with the kernel source.
Ubuntu Touch is a open source mobile OS based of of Ubuntu and for people trying to switch from Android there is a app/program called Anbox (android in a box) that would be able to run android apps.
If your phone can run it, try it out.
https://devices.ubuntu-touch.io/
https://ubuntu-touch.io/get-ut
UBPorts took over after Canonical dropped support. It cannot run Android apps (yet) so the apps available are limited. The terminal app is the best experience I have had with a mobile device. Ubuntu Touch is stable enough to be a daily driver, if you do not depend on apps from F-Droid.
As for today there seems to be no good Linux running phones that are competitive with android/iphone devices. If you are still into getting Linux on your phone then checkout PostmarketOS, you can play with it on your old phone. If you are targeting for a new device then better look into Plasma Mobile and Ubuntu Touch. They should have some hardware recommendation or even end user ready devices.
I have Ubuntu Touch installed on my Nexus 4 and 5 and my kids use it on their phones also. You can install it on your phone from here - https://ubuntu-touch.io/ - Check the list of compatible devices.
They used to ship with Lineage (former Cyanogen Mod), don't know if it's still the case.
I have heard of a GeeksPhone that was meant for alternative ROMs, but then they locked their boot image. Don't know what are their policies today.
As for today there seems to be no good Linux running phones that are competitive with android/iphone devices. If you are still into getting Linux on your phone then checkout PostmarketOS, you can play with it on your old phone. If you are targeting for a new device then better look into Plasma Mobile and Ubuntu Touch. They should have some hardware recommendation or even end user ready devices.
Just checked the issue tracker on GitHub
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It seems the problem i had has been fixed in the version of the AppImage you can download at https://ubuntu-touch.io/get-ut
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So it should with no trouble.
Maybe if it doesn't work you have to run the AppImage as root? I know that there can be permission problems when using adb and fastboot.
Ubuntu Touch is alive and well and can be installed on a handful of devices. It uses the Ubuntu OpenStore for apps and webapps. I don't believe it's the same as the Software Center in terms of applications, for example Firefox and Thunderbird are not on the OpenStore. I'm pretty sure you can install android apps from f-droid on it with anbox.
Not sure if I would want a Windows phone... I would be curious to see a linux based one, like the Ubuntu Touch, or something else...as long as it worked (maybe a bit more secure) and didn't cost me an arm or a leg (talking about iPhones here 😂)
I know. I'm waiting for the Ubuntu Touch project to get some more steam. I'm currently using Android now, so everything I say about switching off of Windows is very hypocritical. Hopefully soon the duopoly will be broken. I really like the idea of the Pine phone and the fair phone. ~~~~
People with iPhone are already switching, as Android users too. It is a small number, but still it isn't nonexistatnt. Tinkerers will switch, and it is sufficient. You don't need much more. Look at desktop Linux. The Year Of Desktop Linux has yet to come.
Ubuntu Touch isn't dead and feels very well. https://ubuntu-touch.io/
https://www.pine64.org/pinephone/
If you'd prefer to instead replace the OS of your current device, there's Ubuntu-Touch: https://ubuntu-touch.io/
Not gonna lie it's quite a challenge to install it or at least it was for me but it might be easier now. You have to know how to use the command line and unix commands. I'd recommend following the instructions here and just googling your problems as they come up: https://ubuntu-touch.io/get-ubuntu-touch
I was never happy about having a tracking device in my pocket so I installed ubuntu touch on my phone, a linux OS for mobile (any phone that takes android can have it). You need some tech skills to do it and it's still in development but if it means not becoming a digital slave then it's worth it.
They're all chroots which means that they use your phone's android linux kernel (and drivers); they're all 'bare metal' - well, as bare as you can get without wiping android and installing a tuned linux distro for your hardware which includes the required drivers (ubuntu touch is the only distro that comes to mind).
As for "Performance"... well, your issue is going to be the GUI (assuming you want a GUI). You're going to end up accessing the GUI via VNC - and that's where things start to fall down and feel sluggish. Linux on DeX was the only solution that I've seen that had its own (quite awesome) display solution... I wish the project hadn't died.
The port is not "official", as it is still in WIP (work in progress) status. You can join the testing at https://forums.ubports.com/topic/3678/call-for-testing-google-huawei-nexus-6p-angler-owners which is the testing thread you'll reach via the official https://ubuntu-touch.io/
If you wait a few more days, Flo is currently working on the UBports installer automation. He says it's promising and so you'll be soon able to let Ubuntu Touch install automatically on a Nexus 6p, instead of manual installation.
Usually after you etcher or dd or rufus or whatever, you can just create a folder on the usb called /driver or w/e and copy it over post install.
I can see this probably won't work here (how would you copy it over?), do you have network access? You can use the mouse to get ssh/sftp going then send the file over from another machine.
As far as recommending a distro, what is the hardware? If it's supported I have heard good things about ubuntu touch
It really is interesting.
It is slowly gathering a head of steam and more and more people are contributing to it.
https://ubuntu-touch.io/
They do a regular podcast.They are on telegram and have a forum etc etc
They are slowly making it work on more phones.
I haven't heard the 5T mentioned. The 3T was only a recent thing.
It is FOSS and so is growing slowly as individuals contribute and make things happen.
Apparently BT is a problematic thing generally.
I was trying it in the van on my Nexus 5 and it connects and works fine until you turn the van off.
To get it going again, you have to make the phone and van fortget each other and start the procedure again from the beginning. I don't know if it varies from phone to phone.
I will have another go soon, but listening to their podcasts, I don't think they have got to BT yet.
They have been working on collaborations with the Pinephone and the fairphone I think more.
Quick google search said that it is now being developed by the UBports community, website: https://ubports.com with the website which is specifically for Ubuntu Touch and installing it being https://ubuntu-touch.io/get-ut
I like to look at it like this. you need to learn the language to do the thing it is you want to do. An english professor uses a different verbage than a math or physics professor. Putting the idea of equations to the side, the simple words they use are different. still english but considered a different verbage. So find that thing it is you want to do and learn the verbage. I would recommend this as a good project to maybe get involved in.
It looks like you're in luck there's a fork of Ubuntu Touch being maintained by the UBPorts community at https://ubuntu-touch.io
Here is their limited list of supported devices I wish they had support for more devices.
Yes, Ubports is the community project based on Ubuntu Touch. The original 15.04 was pretty rough but now the Ubports 16.04 is working great. But you cannot expect to have all the same apps on it you run on Android.
It does have an YouTube app but it is just a web app which connects to the YouTube mobile site. It works but it is not the same experience you have on the Android app.
Installing is really easy using the Ubports installer.
As you don't have the Android app ecosystem on Ubports, it is not really equivalent, but if you don't depend on any special apps it is great. For example my tablet use is web browsing, email, reading documents and other basic stuff so Ubports does not lack anything I need.
I personally don't like to be dependent on Android/Google ecosystem and that was my main motivation to move into Ubports. Also I like how Ubuntu Touch is designed not the be as addicting as Android devices are, but that might not be desirable for you :D if you're unsure, make a backup of your Android installation.
That looks interesting but like most of the others, the Aquaris E4.5 doesn't seem to be supported as yet, so I'll continue on with Ubuntu Touch which is working very nicely on it. Probably not too surprising given that it was an Ubuntu phone to start with!
Side note: Base install of Alpine is only 5Mb!? - that's lightweight