If you want to really do your homework, start with the primary source. The name of these structures comes from Gerald K. O'Neill, and his work The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space.
I believe this book has been referenced at least once on the channel. I haven't read it myself, but you could do worse than starting there.
Made me crack open a book I've been meaning to look at- Space Resources and Space Settlements
It mentions that 3rpm is considered the maximum rotation you'd want before inhabitants start to feel sickly (pg 36; it got that number from a separate paper that it references)
Taking advantage of this calculator- 62kg (avg human mass), radius of 50m (to use your example), and 3rpm will yield just over .5G (4.935m/s^(2)). Though I think your goal of 1/6G is probably safer/cheaper (1.7295rpm)
The length of the cylinder doesn't really enter into the force calculations. The book does consider different sized habitats, but usually is aiming at population sizes (100, 1000, & 10000 being mentioned several times in this chapter).
Structural engineering isn't in my wheelhouse. Anyone here able to guess at the feasibility of a 50m radius pressurized gravitron with current tech?
Hello, I'm a bot! The movie you linked is called Prophets of Science Fiction, here are some Trailers
> > A sketch would be awesome
> If I drew detailed blueprints ...
...
It's like you're taking about beatiful pictures of animals, and I keep asking you what kind of animal you're talking about ;)
Edit: I see you edited your comment while is was drawing. So I seems we are vaguely in the same galaxy cluster at least. Also TIL sketch.io is awesome. You should give it a try. Sketch. Sketch. It's late over here, or rather early :)
Before doing that, read Cixin Liu's famous trilogy to see why there's a good chance of it going horribly wrong. (First two books anyway, by then you'll have the point.)
Yes, geothermal works well in places where your country is basically built on a volcano.
And yes, using ground source heat pumps are a great way to regulate temperature - but thats more using the insulative nature of soil than anything else, it also is used to cool, not just heat.
Geothermal is not the solution to the world's energy demands. It is a solution, in a few specific cases. But overall, its not going to fulfill even a fraction of our power demands. You want to find something better for a 24 hour source? Hydro, combustion, nuclear, those are all excellent sources of 24 hour power generation.
I would recommend The Science of Energy, a Great Courses lecture available on Audible. It does a decent rundown of almost every power source currently available (and a few that aren't yet available, though I think he gives fusion too little attention).
Space Engine will do it - it's got accurate star data from a variety of catalogues(s), and invents procedurally generated planets around stars based on some algorithm that's apparently based on legit science.
You can go back and forward in time, too, as it's got celestial motion baked in; and last time I looked it had NASA scans of the surface of Mars, the Moon etc available.
No prob, it's usually right at the top of the video description for the episode being sponsored. https://brilliant.org/IsaacArthur/ As to protection, mostly by hardening and giving it a magnetic field, this is easier than it sounds like for a rotating habitat, since it's interior is alreayd a Faraday Cage and a giant spinning metal cylinder is pretty easy to give a magnetic field to.
Why would the Sol system be sending out significant numbers of interstellar colony ships before the Sol system itself was mostly colonized? A trickle of wildcat weirdos early on like you're describing, perhaps, but that's not what I'd expect to see from colonization in earnest.
There was an article published in 2013 called Eternity in six hours that ran some numbers on what a colonization wave sent out by a K-II civilization might look like. Using just six hours' worth of a K-II civilization's energy output they'd be able to send a colony ship to every single galaxy in the entire reachable volume of the universe. You'd want to do that first since the longer you wait the more galaxies slip across the horizon of reachability forever.
Once that's done, maybe tap another hour or two of your energy budget and send a colony ship to every star in the home galaxy.
The earlier colonization efforts will basically vanish into the noise of such an endeavor.
Do you mean The True Meaning of Smekday, or the movie version, Home?
You might be interested in The High Frontier: An Easier Way - the authors use newer information which says rotations of ~6 RPM or below can be adapted to in a couple of hours, allowing for smaller habitats. One they postulate is a mere 112 meters in diameter.
Seems that there is good reason for speculation that there is a liquid core, similar temp to earth, and that the spinning of the planet combined with the addition of water would create even more similar surface conditions to earth than present.
Most modern agriculture optimizes dollars returned for dollars spent. Put another way, they optimize for most dollars with least effort. If measured in “human edible calories per acre” cattle ranching is miserable. But when you consider how much effort is required to grow cattle feed on grazing land (i.e. close to none) cattle ranching looks a lot more reasonable.
When your machine (tractor) can only harvest one kind of plant, you get monocultures. You choose plants considering difficulty to harvest. Or even select for plants with tougher skins, rather than tastiness. With intelligent harvesters (like people), you can grow more vegetables than you ever thought possible on less land with less water than you can imagine. But people cost money. If there was a robot that could handle it, and it didn't cost too much to operate, then polyculture certainly could and would happen.
I have THE book you need to read. If you have read Michio Kaku's book The Future of Humanity then you'll find mine a lot more informative about how exactly we will extend life and make the leap from Earth to the stars. Without FTL travel and without impossibly optimistic space agency funding for space colonization. Also without the need for space elevators and without the need for fusion tech and antimatter tech etc. It will answer a TON of your questions and I'm here to answer more once you've read it. I'm working on a second edition, which will have a more professional-looking cover and more added content based on questions I received.
Yeah most of it comes from stock footage sites. Some of it you can get for free but finding what you want can be difficult. Good quality royalty free clips can cost $60 for 10 seconds, Isaac probably has $1,000s worth of stock footage in a given video but a lot of it is reused between videos.
That's what I mean by not being able to compete in quality overnight, he's built up an expensive collection over time and got quicker at finding appropriate clips. As a beginner simply finding appropriate clips and editing could take a weeks of work to Isaac's standard and Youtube's algorithms penalize those who can't maintain a regular upload schedule.
Most of the tranitions are simple fade in/outs. When I've fit video to audio I've used either notepad or excel to work out the timings. Write down time stamps for where sections of audio start and use that to work out what I want to do with the video.
According to this online time dilation calculator for each second that passes on Earth, 1.000 000 000 7 seconds would pass in minimal gravity.
Assuming your own body is the only gravitational field nearby. Based on an 80kg human with a radius of 0.5m.
You might enjoy the book "Antarctica", it's a Kim Stanley Robinson novel.
He signed up to do an artist-in-residency in Antarctica to write the Mars trilogy, and was declined because it wasn't about Antarctica. As he tells it, he then reapplied but changed the subject to a novel about Antarctica.
This is the result. Or in audio from your favorite audiobook repository.
Nothing will top this, in my opinion. You have a lot of options for quality and formats...and if you're just not that into configuring, it's very easy to use and download videos straight away.
It's Cobby Costa - Peripheral Context (starting from 1:04)
Thanks to /u/ETK03 and Identify Songs Online.
6.5 billion Solar Masses! That's interesting, what can we do with that? It is 55 million light years away.
https://www.omnicalculator.com/physics/schwarzschild-radius
This calculator says that the gravity at the event horizon would be 2340.4 meters per second squared or about 234 times the Earth's surface gravity. Build a Sphere around it that is 293.7 billion kilometers in radius and you have a Super Dyson Sphere with a surface gravity of 1g. That is about 1958 au in radius. the orbital rings would have to spin at relativistic velocities to hold that up. To a person standing on that surface, the world would appear flat. You would need to project an image of the Sun on a ring, mayber 100 times the radius of the Sphere to make a convincing facsimile of day and night, just the image though, no object could revolve around this sphere once every 24 hours, it would have to exceed the speed of light to do that.
Yes. But that's very difficult to do because of this: https://www.omnicalculator.com/physics/relativistic-ke
Altogether those people need more energy to live on other planets. So it scales logarithmic.
The music for that - Solar Echoes by Nigel Stanford - is awesome as well.
I usually don't complain about games being too complicated, but I feel like a need a nuclear physics degree whenever I attempt to build actual reactors / guns / engines, so I'm basically stuck using the stock components or workshop downloads. (un)Fortunately updates over time have altered some of the physics, but there's some obscure Youtube videos of people making things like railguns that fire hydrogen bombs
This concept was explored in a book called City by Clifford Simak.
Its antique scifi written right after WW2, and is pretty optimistic about commercial nuclear energy, and spreading a population across the countryside to avoid population centers for WMD attacks. Its pretty fun, and I highly recommend it if you're interested in this topic.
https://www.amazon.com/Confessions-Sentient-Engine-Cybertank-Adventure-ebook/dp/B00M6EOOLE while a humorous book, does kind of look at the subject.
Old Venus is a collection of short stories written by some heavy hitters, taking place on an old-fashioned steamy jungle Venus. Edited by George RR Martin and Gardner Dozois
Floating to Space, https://www.amazon.com/Floating-Space-Airship-Program-Apogee/dp/1894959736
Given the series of issues at Boca Chica, the challenge of Hugh heat and metal fatigue reusing a spacecraft, the big question is whether Starship will have a failure rate of 1 in 100 flights, 1 in 200, 1 in 1,000, or to be as safe as commercial flight, better than 1 in 10,000. 1 in 100 with two flights per week means one accident per year. 1 in 300 and one daily flight is again one accident per year. Elon’s dream of Starship as inter-city transport would be dozens of flights per day, and the accident rate needs to be 1 in tens of thousands.