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That was painful to read, I just heard an absolutely functional machine get destroyed for absolutely no reason.
- You could have literally just created a windows USB, booted setup, hit shift + f10 to open command prompt, and copy files out that way via cmd. You don't need anything fancy or custom, that would have worked just fine, and also booted on a surface. Microsoft has a free program for this purpose.
- Any UEFI bootable device would have worked. Ubuntu USB would have worked.
- Surfaces are notoriously stupidly difficult to repair. Ifixit gives it a 1 out of 10 on repairability. I'd have tried anything else before trying to crack it open.
- The data wasn't going anywhere, regardless of time frame. If you aren't sure, you should have seeked outside help.
I mean, at the end of the day, yeah you got the data and it was more valuable then the hardware. But you had so, so many other options that would have been better.
Oh, she probably got 'tech support' from some 'geek' or kid next door, who figured she had a virus or some other malware, or otherwise live in an alternate universe where everyone shares their opinion and is adept at learning new systems and software. If you don't know the type I'm talking about, some day you will - it is how a lot of old people end up with Ubuntu and can't understand why they can't install Microsoft Word or load their software for their Cricut machine. Their particular 'kink' must've been MenuetOS, and they decided to 'evangelize' and have her 'adopt' it.
I hate to be that guy, but Linux is a less consumerist alternative that really just requires a bit more time and patience. You can always start with Ubuntu.
Sorry I just had to please don't hate me
I mean, just look at the list of adopters of the CoC that Linux just adopted. It's full of big, successful, vibrant projects that aren't having issues. Just to name a few:
- Atom
- curl
- Discourse
- Eclipse
- GitLab
- Golang
- Kubernetes (as you already mentioned)
- Mono
- .NET Foundation
- Rails
- Swift
There are also huge projects like Ubuntu that have their own, similarly-minded CoCs and have for years, now. Ubuntu has had it current one since 2005, and so far that's not caused them to crash and burn.
- download linux desktop
- install on USB drive using universal usb installer
- download SNES roms (1gb for every game ever including fan games)
- open up terminal and type: sudo apt-get install zsnes
- buy 8 dollar usb controller off of amazon
you now have a what you want.
want it portable? buy an raspberry pi and an hdmi chord.
It's probably not what they meant, but yeah that could use some re-wording.
You may as well remind them that torrenting Ubuntu Linux or a Humble Bundle purchase is not illegal & won't break any copyrights.
Under the Ubuntu font license, you are not allowed to make changes to the font even for your own personal use unless you also change its name, and you are not allowed to distribute the font without changes unless you keep the name the same.
This is considered a violation of freedom one, so the software is not free.
Because nothing underlines the concept of 'humanity to others' like a tribute to persons that are responsible for the killings of millions of people, right?
>Ubuntu is an ancient African word meaning ‘humanity to others’. It is often described as reminding us that ‘I am what I am because of who we all are’. We bring the spirit of Ubuntu to the world of computers and software. The Ubuntu distribution represents the best of what the world’s software community has shared with the world.
- Ubuntu has official GNOME, KDE, Xfce, LXDE, MATE, and Budgie flavors. ref
- Fedora has official GNOME, KDE, Xfce, LXDE, MATE, Cinnamon, and SOAS flavors. ref
- OpenSUSE might only be one, but I think the installer let's you pick between KDE and GNOME.
- Debian has official GNOME, KDE, Xfce, LXDE, Cinnamon, and MATE flavors. ref
I know you're just making a meme for lulz, but I still wanted to point this out because I think it's really positive that choosing distros doesn't dictate your desktop environment like it used to.
I feel like the bigger point of this story is that Microsoft has elected to monitor your computer use.
Edit: An additional link for all my haters to help them turn off windows 10 key logger, which monitors your computer use.
Makes perfect sense. Canonical sells ESM support already, it's really just extending it a couple of years and maybe providing the packages to everyone to try and gain adoption (details haven't been published yet). Both Red Hat and SUSE have ten year support with additional addons available that extend it to 13 years.
I think the best representation of how it will look and feel is using a live usb. First create a live usb. Then give it a try by booting from the USB. Just be sure to select the live session instead of installing. When you're ready to dive completely in you can install using the same usb drive.
(Though that should have been enough for 99% of all users its a downgrade, plain and simple. ? I tought the main problem is that people are pissed that someone else uploaded LibreOffice to the Windows Store as opposed to say Ubuntu Server?
They don't necessarily at all, it's entirely a property of the particular systems you seem to have experience with. As far as I know it's possible on both desktops and servers, but on desktops it may have some additional caveats as servers typically have simpler setups, e.g. no graphical interface to complicate things. I couldn't immediately find out how difficult it is to pull this off for desktop systems.
It's easier to just expect people to restart a device though, and since there is little market demand for devices not to reboot, many companies are reluctant to put aside resources for this.
Even as a home user who knows that this is possible, I don't require continuous uptime, so I too just reboot after receiving important updates.
Keep in mind that Canonical asserts right on images and binary packages that goes beyond branding:
Edit: formatting
IMHO - if you're not a gamer, and your day to day doesn't require some Microsoft only software (which is increasingly rare nowadays as everything is shifting towards the web and mobile devices)..Linux on the desktop/laptop has never been easier.
And hell.. put Windows in a VM and use it only when you absolutely need it.
Regarding updates specifically, it's just amazing to me that here we are in 2017 and WIndows still has this problem. Every update, requires a reboot.
And Microsoft has become incredibly aggressive with reboots and pushing both updates and upgrades ( i could go into some reasoning about Indian software development cultural differences from the west but I'll save it) But it's just made the user experience worse.
And it all boils down to the fact that Windows can't replace a file on disk if that file is being held in memory. It's a limitation of the OS that Unix systems (read: Linux, Solaris, BSD, OS X) don't have. On most Unix systems, at most you need to reboot for Kernel updates but that's it.
And with development of tools like k-splice or Ubuntu's live patch, even kernel upgrades can be done without a reboot.
So on Windows, it downloads the files and waits for the boot or shutdown process, where users can't possibly put those files in memory, to do the actually upgrade/update. And this goes for kernel and non-kernel related items.
Anyways - I worked at a Windows only shop that did Win Server 2012 R2 Vmware/citrix hosting, Exchange, and AD for customers and I did all my work from an Ubuntu box for the 2 years I was there.
16.04 is supported as LTS until 2021. Canonical isn't going to suddenly switch UIs, unless you don't understand the concept of Long Term Support?
https://www.ubuntu.com/info/release-end-of-life
I think that's sufficient time to stick with the existing UI, don't you?
Are you going to run beta / non-LTS until 18.04?
Have fun supporting the breaking upgrades.... of which they are fairly frequent with every new release.
Canonical has now replaced the Ubuntu 17.10 download button with a notice saying "The download of Ubuntu 17.10 is currently discouraged due to an issue on certain Lenovo laptops. Once fixed this download will be enabled again. " https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop
The best starting point is still Ubuntu. I would go with 17.10 which is the most recent, and has some major changes done to its UI, which will be the default for the foreseeable future.
Do you need one? What problem are you trying to solve by adding a server?
Nothing wrong if you just want to do it to learn but having a clear goal will help you figure out what you need and better figure out how you can accomplish your goals.
You might want to experiment with a local VM before going out to buy any hardware. I would start by installing VirtualBox and booting/installing Ubuntu server. Get familiar with the CLI and the overall concepts in Linux then figure out how to configure what you require on it once you have figured out what you need it for.
The privacy policy where that came from.
I assume that it is out of date as there is no Dash (unless you install Unity after installation). It is certainly not relevant to flavours.
The OP also dishonestly (I shall be blunt about that - reported) omitted the beginning and end of the first paragraph, which reads:
> When you enter a search term into the dash Ubuntu will search your Ubuntu computer and will record the search terms locally. Depending on whether you have opted in or out (see the “Online Search” section below), we may also send your keystrokes as a search term to productsearch.ubuntu.com and selected third parties so that we may complement your search results with online search results from such third parties including: Facebook, Twitter, BBC and Amazon. Canonical and these selected third parties will collect your search terms and use them to provide you with search results while using Ubuntu.
And the OP cherrypicked the second paragraph from a bulleted list, for some reason.
So this is the old well-chewed bone about "Canonical spying" which was closed in 16.04 (with the Dash search outside the local machine being switched off by default) and is now irrelevant with 18.04.
Ecosystem is a bit of a catch 22 here. Needs more users to attract more applications, but it needs more applications to attract more users. For me it has everything I need though (jumping between Fedora and Ubuntu).
Particularly interested in the ubuntu phone and the environment it can bring.
> wait, why doesn't every project require real name then?
Because they either don't realize or simply don't care. Bigger projects and companies face bigger possible copyright issues. The random project by user1234 on github doesn't have nearly the same considerations to make. And realistically speaking, they wouldn't be looking to fight a copyright battle anyway if one started.
> PS: If I have a project, could I put into license that by contributing into this project you give me full right the the contributed piece of code? Would that work?
Not in the way you intend, no. The license you choose applies to your code, and your code only. If user1234 submits code to your project, that code is under whatever license user1234 chooses. You can require them to use a compatible license, but that takes us back to the original problem of confirming they are actually the copyright holder for that particular piece of code. And essentially, if you're accepting random code from anonymous users into your codebase without checking who wrote it, you do so at your own peril.
That said, some projects do this, for example places like Google and Ubuntu has their 'license agreement' which essentially transfers copyright from the owning party to Google/Canonical/etc.. But you have the exact same problem that this requires an actually agreement, for which you would have to personally agree too, which requires your real name. This makes sense if you view it as a legal document - you obviously wouldn't be able to sign a legal document with an obviously fake name.
This all goes back to copyright being the default - you have to give permission for anybody to be able to legally use your code, and that permission can only be given by the actual person who writes the code. Of course, it is still possible to use the code, it functions like any other code, but the project using the code is taking a risk by doing so.
>I mostly want a distro that will let me write code, run android-studio, can play netflix
Awesome. Easy. Before I give my suggestion, I'm going to address some other suggestions in this thread.
>Manjaro, Antergos
No. Do not do this. They're sort of on the opposite end of the spectrum from Debian, and as a Debian guy I used Arch for awhile and it was a pain. You just said you don't like configuring things. I don't know about Manjaro, but Antergos is essentially an Arch installer; how well it works out for you is very variable.
>Solus
You want to write software, use android-studio, etc. This entirely eliminates Solus as an option; it is made specifically for casual desktop use. I love Solus, but it will not fit your needs. You will be missing packages that will be vital for what you want to do. If you want something like Solus, but less limiting, 10/10 Ubuntu Budgie could not recommend more.
>OpenSUSE Tumbleweed
Quite possibly a good fit. What DE are you used to? If GNOME, I'd consider it.
>I'd like a distro that just works like ubuntu does
You said it yourself. My suggestion would be to go with Ubuntu. Gets a lot of hate from ricers (for silly reasons) and the free software community (for good reasons), but the Amazon crap is easy to disable, it's easy to get to your liking without much configuration, it has everything you're used to from Debian, plus more current packages and anything you could possibly need. If you're not a fan of GNOME, use your preferred flavor of Ubuntu. 18.04 LTS releases exactly two weeks from now, so you may want to wait for a little bit though.
So it's to be a server, no desktop environment, one that you could administer by way of SSH sessions -- no connected monitor, no keyboard or mouse. I suggest Ubuntu server, which is meant for this role.
Can I encourage you to give Linux a shot? Unless you have very specific software requirements with no Linux port, it'll still be able to do everything you need and more. There's none of Windows' forced downloads, forced updates, built-in advertisements, spyware, or any of its other junk. You can even do a full system upgrade (meaning ALL software on your computer -- your operating system AND your programs can all be upgraded at once easily and quickly) while you're using your computer. No reboot necessary. It couldn't be easier, and doesn't screw you over in a pinch by forcing itself on you.
Some good distros to start with are:
Mint is probably the most similar to Windows layout wise, so you may find it easiest to switch. It's a simple desktop layout with a bar similar to Windows' taskbar at the bottom.
Fedora doesn't follow the traditional desktop environment, instead using a software select page somewhat similar to Windows 8's metro screen, but with good design. It flows well and doesn't have a conflict between Desktop and Metro. You open programs in a smooth motion. This one also looks very slick if you care about appearance.
Ubuntu is probably the most famous Linux distro, and for a while it filled the slot for best introductory distro. It follows a desktop layout but with a launcher bar on the side for quick access to your software.
All these are complete operating systems, and many people around the world use them exclusively for daily computing needs. They are easy to learn to use and are well designed so they will make using your computer a pleasant experience instead of a hostage situation.
If you can't give up Windows for any reason, it's pretty easy to set these up alongside it -- a dual-boot system. With this setup you can choose which operating system you want to use when you start your computer.
If anyone is seriously thinking of trying Linux I suggest starting with Ubuntu or Linux Mint. These are considered the best options for beginners.
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Your comment has been removed because it is contrary to the Ubuntu Code of Conduct.
The Ubuntu website has a guide on putting Ubuntu on a flash drive as well as a guide on how to install it.
I switched in 2007 or so and had a dual boot setup for years--to do the odd thing. My workflow quickly evolved to using Linux and I found it faster (ymmv: I spent a lot of time using Unix back in the day so bash is my happy place). Once I realized that I had not used windows in over a year I wiped my next laptop after I bought it and installed Linux and have not looked back.
Games are not an issue for me however and if they were I wouldn't use them on my work machine anyway.
Everyone who is thinking about it, but does not want to commit should try it out without actually installing it, Ubuntu will run off a DVD or usb stick and you don't actually have to install it: https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/try-ubuntu-before-you-install
Hi there,and welcome to the community.
I guess there are a few things you should know first before diving more into the *NIX world.
First, there is no UnixOS, UNIX is more like a family of Operating Systems that share some properties. Among the family of UNIX or Unix like systems there is GNU/Linux which the majority here are using.
GNU/Linux also is a family of "distributions", distributions or distros for short are systems that share the core system called Linux or The Linux Kernel, but are different in term of the applications bundled with each one.
Now having this in mind, Unix (the family) systems are great for as a main operating system, they are not only for work or for pros as some think, some are as easy to use as Windows and even more when you get the hang of it.
Being a developer yourself you would do yourself much good if you take the step and switch to GNU/Linux or any other UNIX.
For a starter I would recommend Ubuntu or Linux Mint
Now for how long till you start sharing your own "porn", I would say a few weeks to get the hang of the system, knowing about the different Desktop Environments and Window Managers... Then it's just how creative you can be.
Enjoy the empowering journey, and feel free to reach out for help.
Edit: Sorry for the fucked up markup
There is a solution for new IoT devices → Ubuntu Core. It solves the problem because the OS auto-updates itself in a save manner (transactional, image-based delta updates) – the vendor has to care only about his app.
If you're using Google Chrome on Linux (not chromium) you're already dealing with telemetry.
In fact I'd assume lots of apps include telemetry, including firefox. Ubuntu actually made some of it's telemetry data public.
https://www.ubuntu.com/desktop/statistics
The problem isn't telemetry, the problem is companies that abuse trust.
Just in case you're not joking (I apologize if I'm not detecting it), no. Very much no.
--
Installing Windows on a machine makes most common Linux distributions look easy in comparison. Linux has stepped up its user-friendly game massively, by more than many people realize, in the past 15 years or so.
I'll throw out a recommendation to Ubuntu for anyone who is curious, since that's the usual suspect in terms of recommendation. Of course, it's far from the only Linux distro that is piss easy to install and use. Other honorable mentions include Linux Mint (based on Ubuntu), openSUSE, Manjaro (my personal distro of choice), deepin, elementaryOS (also based on Ubuntu), and Solus.
Here's a step by step method for using Windows to create a bootable USB stick, in this example, it uses Ubuntu, but I think you could use the distro of your choice.
Not OP, but nothing makes (or, any supported LTS version) inherently less secure than 17.10, but when it comes to consistency of packages and reliability of the operating system, you want to make sure you're using an LTS version so that you're sure that you're going to get security and other patches a few years from now.
The chart on this page gives a good idea as to how long your operating system will have security and maintenance patches. (https://www.ubuntu.com/info/release-end-of-life)
For those using Ubuntu, here's the security notice
USN-3296-1
You can verify the version currently installed using this command
$ apt show samba | grep Version:
Make sure the version installed at least matches those listed in the security notice depending of your distro.
Depends on the install method and how its setup if its setup with a net install disk its a option to auto update the kernel or all the apps along with the live kernel updates the LTS builds offer. Only issue is when the LTS build is in need of a version upgrade every 2 years ... so less of a issue then windows with there yearly updates that always turn into shit shows and required restarts to update.
> is the most used distro
Doubtful. Canonical hardly makes money and on the recently launched statistics page they avoid stating absolute numbers – it's all percentages.
In all likelihood Ubuntu is way behind at the very least Debian and Arch, quite possibly even behind the combined user base of all of Red Hat's distributions (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL, and CoreOS). It's publicly available information that on a financial level even SUSE is ahead of Canonical.
> So, why use fedora and not ubuntu?
Because you encountered bugs in Ubuntu you did not have in Fedora, duh.
No.
The cost of version upgrades cannot be compared to the cost of switching everything to alternative solutions.
Enterprise versions of "free" software are usually [not] [free], and they don't offer an environment as unified as Microsoft's. Also, the vast majority of large companies use Active Directory as the basis of their user management, entitlements management and so on (or some other software built to use AD) and I'm not sure there is a good alternative for that.
Profit-based companies don't really make the jump. Tax-funded organisations sometimes do (they can waste money), there was an initiative in Germany a while back for government offices -- as far as I know, they went back to Microsoft-based solutions.
> I'm going to use it to create a web server to test things,
You probably want Ubuntu Server. See also: help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/web-servers
I highly recommend it. Linux is awesome! There are a lot of good distros to start with: Ubuntu has been making huge strides with their Bionic Beaver update; Solus is a little new, but it's super slick to use and easy to set up; Manjaro is a bit more complex than the other two, but also very powerful.
Any mainstream distro will work fine.
Many people who try Linux for the first time land on Ubuntu - it's an excellent desktop OS and is supported by steam and GOG.
While convenient it's closed-source and thus cannot be 100% trusted. The FBI case was, while positive to the privacy conversation, mostly for PR IMO.
Macs are also quite expensive, OP check out one of these alternatives. These laptops will be supported for many years software-wise which is something you can't claim for Apple computers.
Set yourself up with one of the Ubuntu flavors and ask any questions you may have in /r/linuxquestions.
There won't be an 19.04 LTS. Long Term Support versions of Ubuntu are released every two years, so the next LTS will be 20.04, to be released in April 2020. You can install 19.04, which has an 8-month support window or 18.04 LTS, which will be supported for several more years.
​
Ubuntu and its various flavours tend to be the easiest distros to start with.
A word of warning though, while Gimp and Inkscape are great programs, it can be very difficult to adapt to them if you are accustomed Adobe's offerings. You may want to start by installing both on windows and trying them out for a while before switching.
If you don't know anything, I would not recommend you to go with arch linux. You should probably learn a bit how linux distros work with a more beginner-friendly distro, like OpenSuse or Ubuntu.
To install and use arch properly, you are required to have some knowledge about unix systems. You can install your first linux distro in dual boot, if you want to keep your Windows OS, you will only need a USB key. And use search engines and documentation to find answers, you could have found answers to your post easily.
I flat out don't believe the claims of this article because that's not how live patching works which has always been a misunderstood subject.
Live patching does not 'update to a newer version of the kernel', it allows you to replace certain functions in the kernel with a new function with an identical binary signature. This allows you to replace a function with a patched one which fixes a certain security hole, yes. But it doesn't just update Linux to the latest version.
This was super embarrassing when it came out blogs were echoing each other left and right with 'Since Linux 4.0 you never have to reboot again" clearly not understanding a fucking thing about it. Documentation about kgraft and kpatch is super sparse and hard to find. I was trying to look it up to see how to use it because I wanted to execute a live kernel patch for fun to see how the experience was and haven't to this day.
In any case the website this article links to by Canonical itself mentions nothing about updating to the latest kernel, it says:
> Want to apply critical kernel security fixes without rebooting your system? The Canonical Livepatch Service for Ubuntu 16.04 LTS reduces planned or unplanned downtime while maintaining compliance and security.
Which is far more accurate. Dare I say actually accurate for once.
Welcome to having a choice. Don't forget to backup your data before you install Ubuntu. You'll need it, it will greatly reduce the time you need to dual-boot.
I recommend starting with Ubuntu or one of its falvours. It is one of the more popular ones for desktop use so there is a lot of information out there for it. Use Ubuntu to learn the basics, find a desktop environment you like in it (you can install multiple ones on the same install) and then decide if you want to try other distros after you have a better understanding of the Linux ecosystem.
You are asking for an OEM licence (these come with prebuilt and bound to the computer), but really you want a full licence. 100% safe is from Microsoft
No one says you MUST buy an operating system. There are free ones that have the same features, and can do all the same things. Maybe you want to look into something like Ubundu Desktop or an alternative. Check out youtube videos, and you can even try it off a usb stick before installing.
The desktop environment Ubuntu uses at default, Gnome, is heavyweight and uses a lot of RAM. You may want to use another Ubuntu flavour like Lubuntu or Xubuntu.
At work we had good luck installing ubuntu on the Lenovos.
It didn't help with their hardware issues though - HDD failure, keyboard failure, motherboard failure. I though Lenovo was a decent name till I had hands on experience with them.
> One of the biggest hurdles is outsourcing of responsibility and trust. Linux requires proper administration to be secure, whereas when a company is behind the software, and that company is 'vetted' by the state education authority, the school admin is not responsible for it. I guess it comes from the old "you get what you pay for" mentality.
Try to read linuxcommand.org - a lot of useful information about shell and Linux itself.I'd advice you to go for Kubuntu or Ubuntu Budgie rather than the main Ubuntu - KDE and Budgie are much more similar to Windows desktop than Gnome, so it should be easier for you to switch.You can also set up Virtualbox on Windows, and check a few flavors to see which one suites your needs.
>The big difference here is support. RHEL is a distro that comes with enterprise grade support h
https://www.ubuntu.com/support
What's even better, is that supported Ubuntu gets LivePatch which allows you to update the kernel without rebooting.
Oracle's Unbreakable Linux (based on RHEL) has K-Splice which does the same thing as Livepatch.
>And do you really need all the packages Debian comes with?
No one needs all the packages of any distro's repo. But when I do need access to something I can gurantee you on RHEL I'm far more likely to either have to build something from source, or get a 3rd party repo somewhere than I am on Ubuntu or Debian.
I'm not talking obscure shit either. Basic CLI management tools (which I don't have a list for you) are almost always available on Ubuntu and it's 50/50 crap shoot on RHEL. When I need to troubleshoot a problem going on here and now, this can matter. Having to take the time out of my day and get something installed in some special way when i'm already in a hurry, sucks.
For beginners, I recommend Ubuntu or a Ubuntu flavor.
Grab 17.04 from here: https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop Read the installation guide: https://tutorials.ubuntu.com/tutorial/tutorial-install-ubuntu-desktop#0
TLDR: You burn Ubuntu to a disc or set it up on a usb stick on an existing computer and then pop it into the new machine and boot it.
> Stable updates
What do you mean by stable here? Some people use that to mean "stays fixed for a long time" and others use that to mean "solid and doesn't break"
> Respects users privacy, Secure
The good news is that pretty much any Linux distro would fit this description, specially when compared to the Windows ot MacOS.
> Compatible with most software
Again, what do you mean with this?
If you are thinking about open source software you should be fine as long as you pick one of the major Linux distros. If you are thinking about proprietary software though then it depends.
> Pre-installed applications (but not bloated)
This one is very subjective, since those are two contradictory goals... One man's must-have application is another man's bloat.
> I've tried Ubuntu and am not a big fan (hate the design)
You probably tried out the default version of Ubuntu, which uses the Unity desktop environment. There are other desktop environments you could use instead and there are alternative Ubuntu installers that come with these other DEs. I think there is a good chance that you will like one of them.
I would recommend checking out Ubuntu GNOME and Kubuntu. GNOME will become the next default for Ubuntu starting with 17.10 but it is kind of similar to both Unity and Elementary so I don't know if you will love it or hate it. KDE has a more traditional "windows style" interface with a main menu and is extremely configurable (to the point where some might find it that there are too many knobs to tweak)
It's more like 5 in my (very recent) experience. 2 reboots during the install, and like 3 reboots after installing the updates. Potentially more if you have to install graphics drivers, special filesystem drivers, certain printer drivers (I tried to do all of these in one go). With my Ubuntu 16.04 installation, it was a single reboot. And with Canonical's Livepatch service you don't even need to reboot to patch the kernel, anymore. Frequent reboots can be painful if you have an older hard drive.
If starting on a new server, always use the latest LTS release. If that's not possible use the one before that, but don't start new things using anything older than that. Ubuntu 12.04 LTS already is EOL and won't receive updates unless you are Ubuntu advantage customer. See: https://www.ubuntu.com/info/release-end-of-life
For SFTP you only need SSH, have a look at https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-use-sftp-to-securely-transfer-files-with-a-remote-server for a tutorial. (You could secure access further, if you need to, restricting which user can access which directories, e.g. https://serverfault.com/questions/13021/securing-file-system-for-secure-sftp-server)
For FTP/FTPS you'll need to install vsftpd or a similar FTP server software. /u/mhsabbagh already linked a guide for that.
Generally the Digital Ocean guides are good resources for beginners.
Note that the connection to the key-server is not encrypted or verified (by SSL or otherwise), so if your copy of gpg has a bug or if you use a short key id, you risk MITM attacks here, as well, unless you're able to verify the key you obtain with trusted third parties.
Edit: Your connection can be SSLed if you use a keyserver and client that support hkps and you explicitly request it. But the specified command (and ubuntu's verification instructions) don't default to SSL.
OP, I agree with this person.
Linux will probably seem less scary after you give it a try. There are even ways to try it without installing it, such as a Live USB or DVD.
Also, Linux Mint and Ubuntu are both user friendly. My dad, who calls text messages on his phone "tweets", converted to Ubuntu.
But if it is important that the operating system has a similar look and feel as Windows, then you might find Zorin interesting as well. Is this what you meant when you said "architecture"? Or did you mean something else, like trying to run Windows programs on Linux, which is a different story?
>start researching dual booting
Duel booting is incredibly simple, especially if you have a second drive for your Linux install (128gb ssd's can be had for less than 30US off ebay, plenty of space for a linux sytem). I can literally tell you everything you need to know in one post
go to here and download the ISO
create a boot USB or just burn the ISO on a disc
Boot off the disc or USB and you will be brought to a linux desktop
click the install icon on the desktop
follow the step by step instruction where it asks you how and where you want Linux installed (again, I recommend a separate drive)
sit back, relax, and let the software do the work (shouldn't take more than a few minutes on an ssd)
when the system reboots it will ask you if you want to run linux or windows, use the arrow keys to select the one you want
(optional but recommended) slap yourself for not doing this sooner
In all seriousness installing Linux is actually easier than installing windows, especially since Linux will most often times install everything you need on it's own (with your permission) while windows makes you hunt down the drivers and other necessary extensions and addons (like DirectX and C++ redistributes).
or any user-friendly GNU/Linux distro really. :)
Price = whatever-you-want-$.
My answer to this question is almost always Ubuntu.
- Choose whichever official flavor looks best to you.
- Download the desktop image.
- verify the iso
- Burn it to an optical disc or dump it to a flash drive.
- Boot up the live environment and see how you like it.
- If you don't like it, try one of the other official flavors
Other people will recommend linuxmint, arch, debian, or a handful of ther popular distros. There's nothing wrong with any of them. If you decide you don't like Ubuntu, then try one of them.
No worries, you just made a rookie mistake, doing mistakes is the only way one learns something in life, you can download the current version at: www.ubuntu.com, most likely that version you got is a 2012 version, i would recommend you read a lot about Linux and the command line interface and linux distros in the wikipedia, in that way you make some better informed decisions, good luck in your Linux adventure, you have a lot ahead of you just don´t get intimidated and jump head on, cheers.
> Does not get broke
Ha, show me any software that meets this. Windows breaks all the time and people just put up with it. Linux also breaks from time to time and there is not much that can be done about it but to learn to fix it (or find/pay someone to when it does).
But different software packages work better or worst for different people based on their experiences, what hardware they have and a number of other factors - and most notably how much the mess with the system. Some people find Windows never crashes while others find it crashes all the time - same is true of any Linux distro. Most people, however, have no problems with either.
But the best distro to start out with is Ubuntu, one of its flavors or one of its derivatives (like mint). But you also won't go far wrong with any of the other popular distros out there.
LXD is an alternative to virtualization that claims to be 25% faster than ESX and 10 times the density with zero latency. Don't expect a graphical console but you should be able to forward X11 via SSH if you want to run graphical programs.
Ubuntu probably is the best dist for a LXD host since both are developed by the same company, Canonical.
The first point release (for LTS releases) is generally 3 months after, if I'm not mistaken, which will also coincide with the end of support for 17.10. (EDIT: It does appear that after that, the point releases do come about every 6 months)
Generally, the first point release of an LTS is significant because
- at this point previous LTS releases will begin to prompt users to
do-release-upgrade(assuming default settings). 16.04, for example, won't be able to upgrade to 18.04 until the first point release 18.04.1 comes out, unless you specifically use the "-d" flag. - It is also assumed at this point that much of the inevitable bugs that may have been present in the initial release have been ironed out
Besides that, point releases also establish a checkpoint for ISO downloads. If you want to download 16.04 right now, the current version is 16.04.4, meaning that the ISO you download would contain all of the updates up to that point (March 1, 2018, if I'm not mistaken), so there's less updates to run post-install.
EDIT #2: It should also be noted that with the release of 18.04.1, it will be approximately the same time as the 5th and final point release for 16.04, moving it out of it's support phase for "Hardware and maintenance updates" and into the long-term phase of "Maintenance updates" only, as illustrated here.
> I mean it have the amazon spyware on it
I still think calling the Amazon search was hyperbole. It's main weakness for me was that it wasn't a good search at all. It's no longer set by default. The Amazon application is still available for those that want to search with it but can be easily removed.
> Is Ubuntu even open-source?
Yes, Ubuntu is open source. Here is a link to their philosophy page.
> I can't find any places to look into the source code.
Here is a link to the source for Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS (Xenial Xerus) and Ubuntu 17.10 (Artful Aardvark).
> Canonical made about 65.7$ US Dollar. How?
In 2013 Canonical earned $65.7 million in revenue but its losses rose to $21.3 million. So they are still not earning a profit. The profits they earn are for support and licensing contracts with companies like AT&T and Amazon. Much like Redhat earns their profits but in slightly different niches.
Odd, just had an update the other day that fixed kernel vulnerabilities that required a reboot.
https://www.ubuntu.com/usn/usn-3291-3/
Looking further, there is many kernel updates that fix security vulnerabilities that require reboot.
Unity 7 is supported as long as each Ubuntu version is supported with which it is released. Since 18.04 LTS will still have Unity 7 available (AFAIK not decided which is default), you will be able to use it until 2023. https://www.ubuntu.com/info/release-end-of-life
The goal is that Unity 8 will be featurewise on par with Unity 7 and will have equal or better desktop productivity. Since it is under development it is now not yet a good time for a final decision whether one likes it or not.
>14.04 is LTS > >16.04 is like 9 months support. > >If you want to upgrade. Upgrade to 16.10 which is another LTS release.
This is absolutely wrong in almost every way.
16.10 is NOT LTS, supported until 2017
16.04 is LTS, supported until 2021
14.04 is LTS, supported until 2019
https://www.ubuntu.com/info/release-end-of-life
But, you should upgrade to 16.04 in my opinion. New kernel, newer software.
If you are completely new to Linux, I suggest to install Linux on virtual machine first and get a taste of Linux before you move on.
Edit: Virtual machine software: VirtualBox, VMware
I recommend Ubuntu for new users since it has bunch of software for daily use, you don't need much configuration.
For installing Linux alongside with Windows (dual booting), steps are simple:
1. Create new partition in your disk 2. Create a boot-able USB 3. Restart, choose option like "boot by USB" 4. Choose the new partition you just created and install Linux in that partition (be careful!) 5. Update your boot menu (e.g. sudo update-grub)
You should Google or search these topics on Youtube before installing Linux:
Linux vs Windows comparison
Dual booting Windows and Linux
Create boot-able USB
Google and Youtube are your friends.
Ubuntu or any of it's derivatives for a very user-friendly, 'first linux', or Debian if you feel up to it.
My answer to this question is almost always Ubuntu.
- Choose whichever official flavor looks best to you.
- Download the desktop image.
- verify the iso
- Burn it to an optical disc or dump it to a flash drive.
- Boot up the live environment and see how you like it.
- If you don't like it, try one of the other official flavors
Other people will recommend linuxmint, arch, debian, or a handful of ther popular distros. There's nothing wrong with any of them. If you decide you don't like Ubuntu, then try one of them.
There's nothing wrong with Ubuntu Server 18.04 LTS. People always gripe about the changes between LTS releases, and usually it's simply because people don't like change.
Anyway, in case you didn't know about it, check out: help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/.
Lots of issues being reported with 18, go back to 16
See this thread
https://www.reddit.com/r/pihole/comments/9aun4d/install_fails_on_ubuntu_1804_on_esx_65_or_esx_67/
Ubuntu 16 LTS is supported till 2021
https://www.ubuntu.com/about/release-cycle
I wish we could get something pinned to the top about Ubuntu 18
Try out the other Ubuntu flavors in a VM if you haven't. For me Xubuntu meets my needs the best. Regardless of what you choose in the end, welcome to the community.
>The network installer is ideal if you have a computer that cannot run the graphical installer
https://www.ubuntu.com/download/alternative-downloads
The ubuntu server installer also is non-graphical.
"Windows rot" happens entirely in software and can be cured by reinstalling Windows. Physical damage aside, the only thing that actually degrades over time on a laptop is battery life.
Of course Linux is well suited for older hardware, and you can easily try it out with a live image to see how well it runs. All you need is a USB Flash drive and a tool like Rufus to write the bootable image to it. It only takes a couple of minutes and you don't have to commit to installing anything if you're not happy with how it runs.
dont worry , you can PM me for any kind of help/advice , plus people overrate linux's difficulty , honestly its not difficult and there is no need to worry about the command line too
first : download ubuntu , make a bootable drive and install it on your laptop
https://www.debian.org/partners/ https://www.ubuntu.com/support https://www.ubuntu.com/support/plans-and-pricing
The only real difference that I know is that with Ubuntu and Debian this commercial support is optional and you define in many cases how much support and time you will need. With Redhat you must pay for support from the beginning. If your IT people began to give maintenance to your infrastructure, with Debian/Ubuntu there is no problem, with Redhat you need to continue paying for the updates (migrate to CentOS and say good bye to commercial support is the other alternative ...)
>Wait...wait...he says taking Ubuntu as a "public company". Whaaa?
Nope, that’s not what Mark Shuttleworth described. Rather, Mark described his hope/plan to attract investment, either through a public offering or otherwise, into his company, Canonical. That investment would be used for expanding Canonical’s revenue generating ventures.
With regard to Ubuntu, Canonical supports Ubuntu primarily as way to build name recognition for Canonical and as a lure to attract users to Canonical's revenue producing services, such as Ubuntu Advantage among others.
Mark hasn't suggested, and I don't foresee, Canonical injecting anything into Ubuntu that would alienate their user base. To do otherwise would undermine the whole reason that Canonical supports Ubuntu in the first place.
But if Canonical manages to generate some revenue from the Ubuntu app store, I have no problem with that. And I can't see any reason why anyone should.
Το κόστος για τις άδειες που θα γλιτώσεις στην Microsoft πιθανότατα θα το δώσεις για την επανεκπαίδευση των χρηστών ώστε να χρησιμοποιήσουν αποτελεσματικά Linux.
Επίσης, και το Linux έχει paid support options, σαν ένα παράδειγμα εδώ.
Man, γουστάρω το linux όσο και ο επόμενος netsec-ας, αλλά όσο τα windows είναι το κυρίως end-user OS, δεν θα κερδίσουμε κάτι να γυρίσουμε σε linux.
You have competition. You could buy a linux, or a mac. A mac to you is too expensive, and out of your price range - but the Windows PC is not. Here is a link to Ubuntu Operating System: https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop
So really, you have competition, you have options, it's just that the best value for what is available just happens to be a Windows PC. So, really, among the wide variety of competition, you may be getting the best for your buck, at least to you. Unless you want to build a computer from scratch and have Ubuntu installed on it instead - cheaper option maybe?
I think you should stick to Debian. Every distro has its own quirks and while "learning something new" sounds fun it can really get in the way when you need to do something urgent.
> I have never found a distro with a gui that really worked for me... Any suggestions here?
The more famous desktop environments will be available almost everywhere. The Ubuntu flavours are a good introduction to most of them. Spin some VMs, note down what you like and then you can install it on Debian or Fedora or Gentoo or...
Canonical offers paid support for Ubuntu as well for all of it's Flavors. https://www.ubuntu.com/support
Also, if you search DistroWatch or Google around a bit, you'll find distros that still use KDE 4 and even a current fork of KDE 3.5.x called Trinity Desktop Project which can be installed with an Ubuntu base, among other options. In the open source world, if there is one thing we're definitely not lacking, it's choices.
> KDE Neon Is an ubuntu based operating system
Apologies, I associate anything KDE with a DE. These are the only Ubuntu flavors I'm familiar with.
KDE Neon doesn't consider itself a distro, that's Ubuntu I think. I'm a bit confused about the whole thing, honestly.
There's several reasons for getting slow speeds while downloading torrents. Most likely reason is very few seeds or low speed seeds. It's also possible that your ISP is throttling torrent traffic. It might be an issue with port forwarding, but not as likely as something else.
To start troubleshooting, try downloading a legit/legal torrent like a linux distro. Check https://www.ubuntu.com/download/alternative-downloads and download one of the torrents there. I can get 12MB/s on those easy. If you are still getting unusually low speeds downloading one of those, then you know it's not a seed problem. Either your ISP or routing issue.
If you do get good speeds with the linux distro, try finding some more trackers for your torrent or a different torrent all together. Some sites list the trackers available for each torrent, and those can be added to a torrent you're already downloading to pull a bigger pool of possible seeders.
In addition to all that, you may also want to check your network settings and maybe try a different client. qBittorrent works great for me. Make sure UPnP is turned on. If you're using a VPN like PIA, try a network with Port Forwarding (Toronto on PIA), and change your incoming port in your torrent client settings to the port listed in your VPN client. If you're not using a VPN, don't worry about any of that.
EDIT: For anyone checking this thread for similar issues, check http://www.torrenttrackerlist.com/torrent-tracker-list/ for the latest list of torrent trackers. Most torrent clients have an option to automatically add a given list of trackers to each new torrent. If you're using qBitTorrent like me, open the options, select BitTorrent in the left pane, check "Automatically add these trackers to new downloads," then paste the list of trackers there. Doing this can increase your chances of finding more higher quality seeds for every torrent.
I'm on mobile so excuse my conciseness and any errors.
Download Rufus.
Download the latest Ubuntu ISO from this page.
Follow the instructions on the Rufus website to create a bootable Ubuntu drive.
Turn off your PC. Boot into Ubuntu from the USB (this may require playing in your BIOS settings). Try all your USB ports.
Access your files and back them up.
Don't hesitate to reply here if you need more info. I'll try to keep an eye on this thread! Good luck!
Install Ubuntu alongside your current OS, or give it a try from the USB installer!
r/linux4noobs is usually pretty friendly for advice and support, as is google!
> but my friends can't download the torrent.
Probably does not have anything to do with the tracker (trackers are optional for public torrents). Did you already make sure you are fully connectable (port forwarded)? At a minimum make sure your torrent client's incoming connection port is open, e.g. if you test with https://www.canyouseeme.org/ the test should be successful.
You did not mention anything about your configuration so hard to say what else needs looking at. Make sure DHT/PEX is enabled, make sure Bittorrent Protocol Encryption is set to Enabled (not Disabled, not Forced). Make sure both you and your friends can actually download torrents normally, e.g. a Ubuntu Linux torrent should be able to download/upload on all torrent clients.
I'm also assuming you nor your friends are using VPN/proxy, that's a whole different topic.
Simply, because you don't want your games to depend on a single OS. If Microsoft does really shady stuff, you want to be able to leave (for example, to Ubuntu) and be able to play the games you own, no?
> is this the OS or what
no, it's office.
windows is the OS.
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10
or you can install ubuntu
ISO image can not be installed as exe file. you need to burn ISO in DVD or load into USB stick, please see https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop where is down section how to prepare installation disk on Windows