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The title of this story is a bit misleading. It's primarily based on a researcher's test of 50+ subjects who already stated they had a strong preference for paper for Kindle's. Yes, they did retain the story plots better than those reading with the Kindle, but there's a confirmation bias inherent in the results.
All that being said, I prefer print if only because I write in my books, and find note taking on my Kindle to be a pain.
Where in England? Its most likely a "Stay Behind" box made for the British Auxiliary Units. These units were created in case the Nazis successfully invaded Britain. The build little bunkers all over the country, more in certain areas. Basically dug a hole, made a bunker and covered it up and made it looked like the natural landscape and had one or two entrances/exits. they would be loaded with supplies to form resistance groups and offer a place to coordinate attacks and they would have provided protection and security for those groups https://www.academia.edu/21928771/Myth_and_Reality_The_Second_World_War_Auxiliary_Units http://www.pillboxesuk.co.uk/
Usually, female teachers grade boys more harshly than girls. But I guess if you're fucking the boys you're probably going to give them better grades.
Edit: Linked to the wrong research article, sorry! The one I wanted is by the same author, but I grabbed the wrong one. Duh. Here is the right one.
Survival was the hope and the goal! The texts/stories I'm familiar with emphasize the part about the baby getting to baptism (which meant she or he would be cleansed of original sin and thus go to heaven, in medieval theology) rather than growing up into an adult, that's all.
Monica Green, who is one of if not the leading scholar of medieval women's medicine (and history of medicine in general!) put together a bibliography on C-sections in the Middle Ages back in December, with the aid of the medieval feminist listserv. In case you're interested in reading more. :)
>because the cartoonists did not follow Islamic blasphemy laws
In Iran, there is no such prohibition, and cartoons/paintings/drawings of Mohammed are extremely common in Iran, you can see them on murals, in supermarkets and on postcards. If that weren't enough, an Iranian produced movie with the largest budget in Iranian film history(a film industry tightly controlled by the religious clerics) has an actor portraying Mohammed.
This is because Iran is a majority Shia-Islam country, not a Sunni-Islam country, and in Shia Islam, depictions of Mohammed are generally acceptable (at least in modern interpretations). The divide between Shia and Suni is precisely one of the root causes of so much tension between Iran and the rest of the countries in the Middle East, for most countries in the Middle East are majority Sunni, and it is in Sunni Islam that depictions of Mohammed are generally not deemed acceptable, however even within the Sunni community views differ.
Nah, the cat was already self-aware.
Problem is that the mirror test isn't a good measurement for self-awareness, despite the proclamations by the test's authors. It makes various biased assumptions about how self-awareness works.
https://www.academia.edu/2525451/A_Critical_Analysis_of_the_Mirror_Self-Recognition_Test
Alexander Vovin, a former leading proponent of the Altaic theory who renounced it in 2005, provides a thorough takedown of the theory in his paper The End of the Altaic Controversy, which you can read here by logging in with Google or Facebook or creating an Academia.edu account.
Long story short, the most sophisticated and comprehensive arguments put forth by Altaic's contemporary supporters, as exemplified by the Altaic “masterwork” - the Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages - ignore the structures of the languages they aim to compare, consistently flout the principles of mainstream historical linguistics, and engage in blatant abuse of the comparative method.
Furthermore, with the development of a better understanding of language contact over the past few decades, it is generally thought that the similarities evident in the various "Altaic" languages are better explained through thousands of years of close contact, rather than descent from a common source.
> Muslim and Sikh
Both wear turbans.
>Hindu and Buddhism
Both Asian.
Totes the same religions, obvs.
(On a serious note, Hinduism and Buddhism do overlap here and there).
Anatomically modern humans have always been our equals, or rather, we are no better at social organization than they were. The technology is just better. You may be surprised by just how "experimental" and sophisticated they were:
Further reading:
For an overview of weapon burial in Britain (in German, sorry), see Härke 1992.
For a general discussion of warfare between 450-900, see Halsall 2003.
For a discussion of weapons and fighting in Britain from a reenactor's perspective, see Siddorn.
Please don't hesitate to ask me any followup questions!
This again. It doesn't matter how many will be inspired by a movie, what matters is what are the goals and funding proposed by POTUS and Congress. You can make movie like "The Martian" every year but it won't secure any more funding for Nasa and won't give the agency any tangible goal.
To talk about marketing is a misconception to begin with - Nasa isn't selling anything and they don't need public support. During Apollo project majority of Americans <strong>were against it.</strong> Their opinion doesn't matter, it's the government which decides what gets funding. You can just as well start gathering likes on Facebook or start a petition on Kickstarter.
Vast majority of people will see a cool sci-fi movie and immediately forget about it when the next hit like Batman vs Superman or new Star Wars comes out.
BTW here's an interesting paper on public support for manned space exploration: https://www.academia.edu/179045/_Public_Opinion_Polls_and_Perceptions_of_US_Human_Spaceflight_
13% of the population but 34% of the missing people
Scary
Also 64k black women missing too, and when's the last time one of them got the obnoxious round-the-clock media coverage 🤔. <strong>Baylor University’s Dr. Mia Moody-Ramirez wrote an interesting study on this</strong>
The article is poorly written but take a look at the actual study.
Read Chapter 6 (page 18) of the study and look at figure 8 and 9 (page 35, 36).
She did find evidence of a relative increase in teen abortions. i.e. teen abortion rate did not decrease as much as was expected if funding had not been cut. So there was an absolute decrease in abortions but a relative increase in abortions.
He's a philosopher philosophizing about the moral implications of genocide. He is, by virtue of his profession, indulging every pretext which could justify the behavior. Of course I wouldn't expect the morons in this sub to understand the structure of a philosophic paper, but instead to react compulsively like the hysteric shits they are.
But here is the paragraph from his paper which has these morons panties in a ruffle (without entire sentences redacted):
>Reactions of this sort are overblown: while I dispute the idea that genocide is necessarily immoral—one can always concoct a bizarre hypothetical scenario in which the destruction of a way of life is a moral imperative—I do not think that any widely recognized historical instance of the phenomenon was morally excusable. In one sense, then, this particular implication of my view does not amount to all that much. But in another, it does. If the argument of this paper is correct, then there may be a case for classifying as genocide campaigns of social destruction that are widely considered to be not only excusable but morally required. Eliminating the institution of slavery in the American South—which en-tailed the liquidation of a comprehensive way of life passed down from one slave-owning generation to the next—was certainly a moral and political imperative.
So you idiots can go to sleep comfortably at night knowing that the only people out to destroy your lives are these right-wing propagandists trying to corrupt your minds.
My first guess would be that it is the separation/recrystallization of the plasticizer used in that plastic. Strange though that it only happened to one key.
Edit: could be separation of various oil plasticizers used in cellulose nitrate, similar to this. I think I've also heard about this happening with phthalates in cellulose acetates.
Edit 2: whisker like recrystallized products are found in cellulose acetate plastics that are pretty similar - paper here. I work in a museum, this is fun.
Prester John is best understood as a mythological figure whose stories were influenced by real figures (analogies might be Robin Hood or King Arthur), rather than being a mythologised historical figure (such as Charlemagne).
Prester John quite obviously isn't directly related to Genghis Khan, as some of the earliest written mentions come from Chronica de duabus civitatibus by Otto of Freising which was written 1143–1145, before Genghis Khan was born, and the Letter of Prester John which dates from 1165 when Genghis was 2 or 3 years old.
As far as the influence of Genghis Khan on the legend is concerned, Michael E. Brookes' thesis covers it well:
>The westward expansion of the nomadic Mongols did not go unnoticed in Europe, and the history of Mongol drive across Asia need not be recounted here. However, two particular Mongol leaders, Genghis Khan and Hulagu Khan, stand out as figures that may have played roles in the evolution of the Prester John legend. Europeans retained memory of the Nestorian Christian churches in Asia, and there were a significant number of Nestorians who held important positions in the Mongol government. Moreover, Europeans knew from experience the powerful armies that surged westward across the steppe, and the conquest of Baghdad by Hulagu Khan likely cemented the idea that an eastern ally could open a deadly flank upon the Islamic world.
Brookes' thesis is just generally a good read for analysis of the Prester John myth. I'd also recommend Kurt - The search for Prester John,a projected crusade and the eroding prestige of Ethiopian kings,c.1200–c.1540 for more detail on the later, Ethiopian influences.
Note that a military uniform is an actual uniform, not just "clothes like a military uniform".
This doesn't prevent a prop department from creating a fake military uniform that resembles the real thing, even to great detail. It is still not a military uniform.
That said, most military movies are basically co-sponsored by the DOD so the script is given the green-light ahead of time. DOD pays for all military equipment, including uniforms. As long as DOD gets a veto on any aspect of the script. That's why hollywood is basically just propaganda for the US military.
The World Heath Organisation, which is a subset of the United Nations, owes its beginnings to the League of Nations. They had some very real and marked success with work throughout the world with vaccinations and education programs. They also carried out a number of assessments and made attempts to formalise healthcare in countries such as china.
A lot of their efforts, especially those in China fell foul of the failings of the league as a whole, and especially activity in China was limited after Japanese protests and then the subsequent invasion.
This is a nice little read that touches on the sorts of activities, and makes some assessments as to their success. I will try and find some more detailed sources too.
EDIT: I'm struggling to find anything of any real substance freely available on the internet, and as my university recently ended its support to alumni for Jstore I'm afraid I'm a tad out of luck on that front too. Hopefully what I have already posted is suitable enough.
It's worth noting that at least in the US the reason for putting logos all over clothes is because the design of garments isn't patent or copyright-able so the only way to distinguish your product is by placing a trademarked logo on it. Here's some books that can tell you more if you're interested:
<strong>Between the Seams, A Fertile Commons</strong> by Christine Cox and Jennifer Jenkins - Duke Law Professor Jennifer Jenkins and intellectual property lawyer Christine Cox explore the relationship between fashion and various US intellectual property regimes, examining why fashion design generally is not protectable under copyright, design patent, trademark or trade dress.
<strong>Music & Fashion: The Balancing Act Between Creativity and Control</strong> by Aram Sinnreich and Marissa Gluck - Two scholars examine the subtle yet effective way the fashion community regulates copying, in contrast to the dense copyright protection and brute legal force that characterize the music industry.
<strong>Fashion Thinking: Towards an Actionable Methodology</strong> by Natalie Nixon and Johanna Blakley - An explanation of what "fashion thinking" is and how it can inform innovation for a broad range of consumer products and services.
The CIA might have used the term “conspiracy theory,” but it didn't invent it. As detailed here, it was first used as early as January 27, 1877, by lawyer David Dudley Field in the Fitchburg Sentinel in support of his view that the Republicans had stolen the 1876 election from Samuel Tilden.
Did anyone bother reading the study? It uses some complex math models that cant be addressed in this article. Take a look at Figure 8, that's where the info on an increase in abortions came from.
https://www.academia.edu/19435560/Family_Planning_Funding_Cuts_and_Teen_Childbearing
Stop analyzing an overly summarized article with huge gaps, and read the actual work.
Yep, this is a very important point. The number of civil wars has been seriously overestimated throughout this thread; it was 'endemic', but only during the Crisis of the Third Century. Practically all the emperors from Constantine to the mid-fifth century can be tied to each other in some way, so dynastic succession was very much the norm, not the exception. This is made clear in Henning Borm's recent article on this exact topic, which is very conveniently available to read online here. Random generals generally could not just rebel against the reigning emperor and seize power, as they had no chance of being seen as legitimate.
> The cannibalism-theory is yet to be confirmed
This is common in other languages, and it's been referred to as an "address inversion" or "vocative inversion". (Here's another article, sorry in Italian) It's been speculatesd that it arises out of "baby talk", i.e. the adult talks to the child.
Would write more, but not now. Hope at least some of that might be useful!
I'm calling bullshit on this one.
Excluding the fact the article does not cite the skewering claim at all, did everyone just throw logic out the window on this?
For the claim, the oldest thing I could find about loris tears was this 2010 paper in the American Journal of Primatology (see page 4). Even then the paper says nothing about loris tears "curing eye disease". The closest was using the tears as a love potion, extraction was by holding the loris over a fire "until the eyes burst" (I'm assuming bursting into tears than literally exploding). On that same page the researcher believes the practice originates from local culture and religious practices. I should mention this was specifically in Sri Lanka, an island nation south of India and has been a member of the United Nations since 1955.
As for logic, honest to god did no one think about this at all? Why does any creature shed tears? Two reasons: indicating distress and protecting the eyes. Why would they need to go through that much trouble if the goal was just extracting tears to supposedly create medicine?
EDIT: Fixed links
The truth is, we don't know what the average age of menarche was for the wealthy during the middle ages. The various editions and versions of the Trotula suggest an age of between 13 and 15, although at least one version gives the age as between 12 and 14, but doesn't recommend sex for girls under 15. Until fairly recently the age of menarche was typically between 15 and 17 for the general population, which correlates with studies of medieval skeletons. However, the age would naturally be lower for the wealthy who would have had less rigorous work and better nutrition. The age of menarche in rural India is today somewhere between 13.7 and 14 years of age, depending on the region, which is probably close to what the age would be for the lower end of the nobility/burghers and the higher end of the other freemen.
Since even in Florence most children were born after the mother had reached the age of 20, I believe that it comes down to a lack of sexual contact rather than a delayed age of menarche.
Cats are already self-aware, but the mirror test makes many broken assumptions about self-awareness in the first place.
Many human children from certain cultures fail the mirror test, so it can't be an objective measurement.
https://www.academia.edu/2525451/A_Critical_Analysis_of_the_Mirror_Self-Recognition_Test
Part 2
Studies on the situation of lesbian women are even more scarce than studies on homosexual men, regarding Nazi persecution as well as their situation in the Allied zones of occupation. § 175 did not include provisions for the persecution of lesbian women. Under the Nazis, an unknown number of women were arrested for lesbian activities, not under the category of "homsoexual" but rather under the "asocial" category. Coming from that knowledge, it is likely that some of them were also re-imprisoned by the Allies if they determined that they hadn't "served" their full sentence. Like in the case of Nazi persecution however, it is impossible to say without further research how many people were affected by this.
Sources:
Michele Weber: <em>When does our liberation come? The policing of homosexuality in the American Zone of Occupation, Germany 1945-1949</em>
Kai Hammermeister: Inventing History: Toward a Gay Holocaust Literature, German Quarterly 70.1 (Winter 1997).
Jennifer V. Evans: Bahnhof Boys: Policing Male Prostitution in Post-Nazi Berlin, Journal of the History of Sexuality, Vol. 12, No. 4 (Oct., 2003), pp. 605-636.
Gudrun Hauer: Weibliche Homosexualität in der NS-Zeit. In: Andreas Baumgartner/Ingrid Bauz/Jean-Marie Winkler (Hg.): Zwischen Mutterkreuz und Gaskammer. Täterinnen und Mitläuferinnen oder Widerstand und Verfolgte? Beiträge zum Internationalen Symposium „Frauen im KZ Mauthausen“ am 4. Mai 2006. Wien: edition Mauthausen 2008, S. 27-33, 167-171.
Günter Grau (ed.): Homosexualität in der NS-Zeit. Dokumente einer Diskriminierung und Verfolgung. 2. überarbeitete Auflage. Fischer-TB, Frankfurt am Main 2004.
It depends on the subject, because if it's something I really enjoy then I can turn out even a twenty page paper really quick, but if it's something that I'm not sure about, I can take longer to write it.
As for structuring, the easiest method for me is to separate it into chapters. If I have to write twenty pages, I intend to write three chapters of five pages each, and then make the introduction about two and a half pages, and the conclusion about two and a half pages. I treat each chapter like a separate essay of its own.
It's far less intimidating to think of having to write three five page essays on related topics than to write one twenty page paper. So I take the three major points that I want to use in the paper - or make sure I have at least three major points - and write separate essays on each of them, before combining them into one paper. Once all three chapters are written, I can write the introduction and conclusion.
If you want an example, here is a seventeen page paper that I wrote for one of my MA classes last year. It's not quite twenty, but it's something that I have available and can demonstrate separating my work into chapters.
Also just to note the article is also available at ww.academia.edu. Here's the link. After a quarter century, however, my subsequent research has affected what I understood, and I hope my forthcoming book will represent the new standard in dealing with this curiosity of labor folklore.
Apparently, up to about 6 hours!
Biologists P.N. Srivastava and Morris Rockstein wanted to know how houseflies used chemical energy within their bodies during flight, and part of their experiments involved making flies fly until exhaustion. The times varied dramatically based on the flies' age however, as the youngest flies (1 day after molting) could stay aloft 5.5-6.3 hours, the oldest (8 days) only 38 min-2.1 hours. They then fed fed some flies, and injected others with sugar solutions in order to investigate their metabolism and see what got them buzzing.
I'd love to have been a fly on the wall when they thought of flying flies until fried. I'm going to bug out, but here's the source: The utilization of trehalose during flight by the housefly, Musca domestica.
The Musculata (6-pack ab) armor was most likely for show and reserved for higher level officers as it was form fitted and not easily adjustable.
The Romans were very much about efficiency when it came to military matters. The more common armor of the Roman Legion was the Lorica Segmentata, an armor made up of overlapping bands and panels of metal plates. Much of the information about the lorica segmentata comes from the Trajan's column monument and other friezes and monuments of the time period. There is archaeological evidence of the segmentata all over the place that seems to support that it was far more common than any other type of armor but there are questions as to whether that is because it was more prone to losing pieces as opposed to being more prevalent.
As someone who has made both medieval and roman style armor I would say in my personal opinion based on experience that the segmentata is far easier to construct in bulk and to fit to a user rapidly than any solid piece of armor such as the musculata. It is far more time consuming to make fitted musculata chest pieces or chain mail than to strap together a bunch of pre-made strips in varying sizes. If you want to read more about the segmentata style of armor here is a good scholarly paper on the subject from academia.edu that is the source of some of what I said above.
From the study:
Table 4: Original occupation of seventh term MEPs
| Occupation | Number | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Farmer | 18 | 2.4 |
| Shopkeeper/Craftsman | 7 | 1.0 |
| CEO | 40 | 5.4 |
| Top civil servant | 40 | 5.4 |
| Scientific occupations | 122 | 16.6 |
| Secondary school teacher | 48 | 6.5 |
| Prof. in information, communication, or entertainment sector | 77 | 10.5 |
| Independent professional | 74 | 10.1 |
| Senior executive (private sector) | 91 | 12.4 |
| Senior executive (public sector) | 33 | 4.5 |
| Intermediary occupation | 37 | 5.0 |
| Employee | 10 | 1.4 |
| Worker | 3 | 0.4 |
| Professional of politics | 72 | 9.8 |
| Total | 672 | 91.3 |
| N/A | 64 | 8.7 |
| Total | 736 | 100.0 |
Some further reading/sources on berserks:
Schjødt, J. P., & Hansen, V. (2008). Initiation between two worlds: Structure and symbolism in pre-Christian Scandinavian religion. Odense: University Press of Southern Denmark.
Blaney, Benjamin (1972). The Berserker: His Origin and Development in Old Norse Literature. Ph.D. Diss. University of Colorado
A bit more controversial and from a linguistic, not socio-historical perspective: Lieberman, A. 2015, Óðinn’s Berserks in Myth and Human Berserks in Reality. In Prayer and Laughter. Essays on Medieval Scandinavian and Germanic Mythology, Literature, and Culture. Moscow. 101-112.
"Teenage birth rates have increased in Texas since 2011 following efforts to strip away family planning funding by the state government, according to a new study by a Texas A&M alumnus.
The study by Analisa Packham, who received her doctorate in economics from A&M in 2016 and now works at Miami University, claims the reduction of family planning services in Texas has resulted in the closure of 80 clinics and an increase in teen birth rates by 3.4 percent. Roughly 2,200 teens would not have given birth absent the reduction in Texas family planning funding, Packham wrote ...
In 2011, Texas' family planning budget shrunk by 67 percent, from $111 million per biennium to $37.9 million for the following two years, Packham wrote. Planned Parenthood faced the brunt of these cuts... By the end of 2012, 25 percent of Texas family planning clinics shut down, 18 percent reduced service hours, and nearly 50 percent fired staff, according to the study."
I suspect it is a little less practical than that.
It should work just like a water pipe, and I'm guessing, for full effect, you pop on the cover, turn on the air, and the smoke just pours out.
A fun party device for when an oz was $20, and a bunch was burned.
Also similar to the 5th century Sythian hot boxing practice. (pg 7)
It didn't rise. It went down by 25% between 2011-2015. The 3.4% is the estimated difference if Texas had kept the funding. It was calculating by comparing Texas with countries and states that had strong planned parenthood funding.
Even the source research paper admits that Texas did have falling teenage birthrates:
https://www.academia.edu/19435560/Family_Planning_Funding_Cuts_and_Teen_Childbearing
Page 9:
> Means are separately reported for Texas countieswith family planning clinics and other U.S. counties with clinics in the periods before and afterthe funding cuts. Before 2011 teen birth rates in Texas average nearly 69 births per 1,000 teens,compared to 45 births per 1,000 teens outside of Texas. For both groups, teen birth rates fellafter 2011. As such, the analysis below can be viewed as estimating to what extent teen birthsrates could have declined further in the absence of family planning funding cuts.
See the graph on page 33 on how the 3.4% was calculated.
It's still very much prevalent in the heartlands of Islam, wherein some countries have over 50 % of all marriages be between cousins.
"According to anthropologist Ladislav Holý, cousin marriage is not an independent phenomenon, but rather one expression of a wider Middle Eastern preference for agnatic solidarity, or solidarity with one's father's lineage. According to Holý, the oft-quoted reason for cousin marriage of keeping property in the family is, in the Middle Eastern case, just one specific manifestation of keeping intact a family's whole "symbolic capital". Close agnatic marriage has also been seen as a result of the conceptualization of men as responsible for the control of the conduct of women. Honor is another reason for cousin marriage: while the natal family may lose influence over the daughter through marriage to an outsider, marrying her in their kin group allows them to help prevent dishonorable outcomes like either attacks on her or her own unchaste behavior."
The fact that Merkel is from Eastern Germany alone should mean the opposite - ex Soviet satellites detest Russia. The Visegrád group worked hard to disentangle Eastern Europe from Russia and pretty much all ex Warsaw Pact countries except for Hungary are the loudest in asking for a NATO presence there.
Germany sees Putin as a treat, but they are a country of exporters, and they are the 2nd largest exporters to Russia
When females are a minority of victims of anything they still tend to get the most attention. Not just in genital mutilation but in violence in general (e.g. "stop violence against women and girls" even though most victims of violence and murder internationally are males)
And also prison reformation, and how so much attention is given to keeping women out of prison, so-called "overpopulation" of female prisons, and making female prisons more therapeutic, despite that the vast majority of prison inmates are males and male prisons are arguably far less humane than female prisons
Part of it is simply that people have so much more sympathy for female suffering than males suffering the exact same thing. With this particular issue, there's the additional factor that too many people (ignorantly) seem to genuinely believe male genital mutilation is harmless or even beneficial. And of course also that FGM has absolutely no potential benefit at all
So ultimately, even if one gives this response, most people will just be like "but FGM is so much worse! How dare you compare them?? >:(" and basically that it doesn't matter that males are so much more often the victim
It's actually more complex than that. The king isn't always compelled to conform to Sharia. The king can make his own rules, called niẓām. Sometimes, these niẓām*s go against the "Sharia". The Saudi state has a close relationship with the Wahabbi scholars, where Wahabbi scholars give the state religious legitimacy and the Saudi state respects the scholars opinions on various social/religious matters. Sometimes they cooperate and sometimes they conflict. Vogel's *Islamic Law and Legal System is a good read, and this article goes into more detail on the debate.
You are missing one crucial component which those who study religion would consider necessary to call it 'religion' instead of something like 'activism':
> Religion is a belief system which includes the notion of a supernatural, invisible world, inhabited by gods, human souls, angels, demons, and other conscious spirit entities... What we observe every day, in every culture, is individuals discussing souls, spirits, ghosts, gods, ancestors, or demons...This is the irreducible common core ... which unites tens of thousands of religions and billions of believers. (Beit-Hallahmi, 2015: 3)
Getting everyone to agree upon the definition of "religion" can be tricky of course, see discussion here, but Beit-Hallahmi seems to be one of the most well-respected researchers on the psychology of religion, so his definition is probably worth considering.
Great question! Yes there is evidence of vocal dialects in some species, for example the greater sac-winged bat:
We are currently looking at whether the Brazilian free-tailed bat has vocal dialects as well. They produce songs that sound just like birds or whales. It would be hard to believe that these long intricate songs are purely genetic:
http://www.kisibohn.com/Kisi/Tadarida.html
One key unique trait to vocal learners is that they incorporate what they hear into the sounds they produce (audio-vocal feedback). Overall I'm pretty confident we will find more cases of vocal-learning in bats since they already use rapid audio-vocal feedback during echolocation (sonar). When a bat flies it produces a sonar cry, it then listens to the returning echo and uses the sound to modify their next outgoing sonar pulse. Thus, bats already have some of the neurocircuitry developed for learning! This is not to say all bats are vocal learners (there are over 1,100 species!) but it would be rather surprising if none do.
The actual article is here and you can view it for free.
I think that what the professor is saying isn't that radical. She's really just urging for scholars to build arguments from an eclectic pool of sources. Instead of citing established, white heteronormative opinions, Dr. Mott wants to see new names in bibliographies.
I don't see what's wrong with this. In fact an academic should want to build an argument by listening to as many sources as possible--especially if he/she is crafting a geo-political argument.
The headline has it wrong. She isn't urging people not to cite white men. She's urging them to cite sources from people underrepresented in academia.
EDIT--
Why the fuck are people downvoting me when I'm just explaining how a tabloid misinterpreted the professor's work? Isn't the first lesson we learn in ~~college~~ high school to be skeptic of controversial headlines?
One really cool thing: many Yiddish/Hebrew words really have been incorporated into Dutch.
http://forward.com/culture/140080/doubling-dutch/
https://www.academia.edu/6192359/Words_without_borders_Yiddish_loanwords_in_Dutch
If you're trying to work out why so many words with T in Hebrew end up with S in Dutch, it's because the letter tav in modern Hebrew was traditionally sav in Ashkenazi (Central and Eastern European) Hebrew and thav in more ancient Hebrew, cf. Shabbat, Shabbes (as in shomer shabbes, mentioned in the Big Lebowski), and the Sabbath.
There are only about 30,000 Dutch Jews today, but in 1930 there were 110,000 and in 1940 (because of German Jewish refugees, including Anne Frank's family) maybe 130,00-150,000. In 1947, there were fewer than 15,000.
Dr. Brian D. Earp of Oxford and Yale has written extensively on the subject. You can find his work on academia.edu
There's quite a bit of PTSD-like symptoms associated with neonatal surgeries. I'd recommend not electively damaging cells until the child's brain has developed a baseline life experience to say "ah, this was a bad day" instead of "welcome to Earth, life is terrible pain in your important organs".
This paper he released just yesterday.
To each their own, I guess.
Former Drexel professor George Ciccariello linked to this meme, followed by a link to his article connecting Kanye and W.E.B. Du Bois (full article here). So that was cool.
There's really two questions here: 1, is persistence hunting used as a strategy? Yes, it's well-documented but not actually common. Though we're not sure if that is reflective of the Early Stone Age or if it's an artifact of ethnographic sampling. 2, Was persistence hunting a major factor in evolution? Maybe. Here is a pro and con article.
>I haven't heard this issue in any major historical text or from any author, but it does sound like something a sociologist or other non-historian would say.
This is a significant debate in medieval studies which haa embroiled many historians. You can start with the two texts that have defined the debate in the last 40 years, but one which was actually addressed a century ago by legal historians like F. Maitland.
Brown, Elizabeth. “The Tyranny of a Construct: Feudalism and Historians of Medieval Europe.” The American Historical Review 79, no. 4 (October 1974): 1063–1088.
Reynolds, Susan. "Fiefs and Vassals: The Medieval Evidence Reinterpreted" Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1994
There has since been much, much discussion of it, with a good primer in a recent encyclopedia by Levi Roach here: https://www.academia.edu/12122004/Feudalism
You're way off base about missing white woman syndrome. There are multiple studies (link 1, link 2) that compared news coverage to FBI statistics and found that African American missing people are underrepresented in the media. Missing white woman syndrome is a newer term, but the studies are already showing that the idea is based in reality:
>This study ... uses both national and local data to establish grounds for the claim that Missing White Woman Syndrome is an empirical fact for abductees of all ages.
It's naive and self-serving to deny institutional racism.
Have a read of this paper, the TL;DR is essentially that people tend to equate "female circumcision" with the most barbaric kind and equate "male circumcision" with the most clinical kind -- The reality is quite different and calls into question much of the reasoning behind why female genital mutilation is a "special case".
The actual paper.
The summary:
This randomized pilot study investigated the effects of meditationwith yoga (and psychoeducation) versus group therapy with hypnosis(and psychoeducation) versus psychoeducation alone on diagnosticstatus and symptom levels among 46 individuals with long-termdepressive disorders. Results indicate that significantly more medita-tion group participants experienced a remission than did controls at 9-month follow-up. Eight hypnosis group participants also experienced aremission, but the difference from controls was not statisticallysignificant. Three control participants, but no meditation or hypnosisparticipants, developed a new depressive episode during the study,
Psychoeducation on Wikipedia:
Psychoeducation is an evidence-based therapeutic intervention for patients and their loved ones that provides information and support to better understand and cope with illness. Psychoeducation is most often associated with serious mental illness, including dementia, schizophrenia, clinical depression, anxiety disorders, psychotic illnesses, eating disorders, personality disorders and autism, although the term has also been used for programs that address physical illnesses, such as cancer.
Psychoeducation offered to patients and family members teaches problem-solving and communication skills and provides education and resources in an empathetic and supportive environment. Results from more than 30 studies indicate psychoeducation improves family well-being, lower rates of relapse and improves recovery.
Mind control is fun and cool, but this is click bait horse shit. It's a trial of a potential mix of accepted therapies for major depression.
To add a little something to the discussion. It is important to note that in the Archaic period maritime empires were not empires as we know the today. Empires were flexible entities that knew no real borders. You can imagine the problems of keeping in contact by way of naval routes in a period were sending a letter is not direct communication. There was no sure way of knowing to what city, island, or waterway the influence stretched.
Having said that, if one empire does not know where the borders of their influence was, so didn't the others know. In this way naval empires are characterised by their overlap. Naval units could therefore resupply not only on friendly coast and near friendly cities. There could also be, merely out of financial point of view, resupply in a territory not belonging to one party.
FYI We just had a conference on 'Empires of the Sea' and one of the speakers delivered a speech on the Ptolemic empire. If you're interested, request his paper here: https://www.academia.edu/10035575/The_Ptolemaic_Sea_Empire
European languages are, on the whole, becoming more isolating. Making any kind of statement about languages worldwide from that fact is not possible.
Also, counterexample from the middle of Europe: What are sometimes called 'clitics' in colloquial spoken French can also be analyzed as person marking affixes, which would mean that French is actually grammaticalizing earlier pronouns and moving towards morphological complexity: Grammaticalization of polysynthesis with special reference to spoken French
Not only it's a shadow, currently Russian Orthodox Church has very close ties with the government. In a way where government uses the church as additional propaganda source for those who can't be brainwashed with mainstream television.
All television channels (except probably 'Dozhd' which isn't freely available anyway) in Russia are affiliated with the government, so are religious organizations. Islamic leaders are also controlled by the government.
Heck, the leader of Russian Orthodox Church is former KGB recruit, it's a known fact:
https://www.academia.edu/37152767/The_Mikhailov_Files_Patriarch_Kirill_and_the_KGB
Aesthetics in deaf education -- specifically the role of visual media and the aesthetic experience which allows for a clever side-stepping of the language deprivation paradox via dual channel processing of classroom discourse. More here
As a whole, medieval women had their first period at 15 or 16. Noblewomen would have had theirs earlier but, even so, eleven would have been almost unheard of, and twelve relatively rare. Based on medieval sources, it seems that they would have reached the age of menarche at 13 or 14^1 , though even then there was one school of thought which said women weren't capable of having a healthy child until the age of 20. Other medieval authors seem to have thought that women were capable of giving birth to healthy children from 15 onwards^2 , but that's still a few years past 11 and certainly gives time for maturation.
So, no, Sansa wouldn't necessarily be close to being considered an adult in a practical sense (distinct from a legal sense). There's still plenty of room for her to realistically be a silly little girl.
^1 Amundsen, Darrel W., and Carol Jean Diers. “The Age of Menarche in Medieval Europe.” Human Biology, vol. 45, no. 3, 1973, pp. 363–369., www.jstor.org/stable/41459883.
^2 Post, J. B. “Ages at Menarche and Menopause: Some Mediaeval Authorities.” Population Studies, vol. 25, no. 1, 1971, pp. 83–87., www.jstor.org/stable/2172750.
Sex at Dawn is a dubious source. The authors (a psychologist and a physician) had it published by a non-academic press because it failed peer-review, and it's been heavily criticized by anthropologists and evolutionary psychologists for misrepresenting both the evidence and the current state of research on the evolution of human sexuality. See these reviews by Ryan Ellsworth (1, 2), for example, and the book-length rebuttal Sex at Dusk by Lynn Saxon.
There lots of examples available on google.
Here is one paper with quite a few references: https://www.academia.edu/483649/Gangs_in_the_Military_Forces_conspire_to_make_gangs_a_worldwide_threat
However, I’m mostly speaking from my experience as a military investigator where I worked several of these types of cases.
In my paper I claimed that nasal sounds ("mm" and "m-m") universally express yes and no, which explains why words for "not" tend to have nasal sounds across world's languages.
Here is the 'paper' itself, since the r/math mods are sure to nuke that thread any minute now: https://www.academia.edu/33079029/A_derivation_of_the_theory_of_everything_from_the_cogito_ergo_sum
"I hold the philosophical proposition that logic axioms are provable by contradiction against the cogito"
Well there are all sorts of tribes that are matrilineal and matrilocal and even to degrees matriarchal. But its kinda a false dichotomy to say that ANY group is fully patriarchal or fully matriarchal. In almost every culture there is a split of power along different lines.
In matrilineal cultures there tends to be a split that women control basically the family, but men act on the behalf outside the home. So women control the home, the tribal activities. But men do the trading (and have control over that), men do the fighting (and have control over that.
A good example would be of the Mosuo. There is a lot of hype in feminist circles about them being Matriarchal but they kinda are missing the nuance for political gain. They are probably the most matriarchal culture out there. This is a pretty good ethnography on them, but I would also suggest reading This. It shows as more economic contact is made the there has been the culture is changing, so they aren't exactly the same as the ethnography put them.
It comes down to how the power is allocated really. I mean if you are in a small tribe where basically home life is the only political life and the mother controls the home then yeah its going to seem matriarchal. But even if that were the same model except most of the activity is outside the home and the men controlled that it is going to seem more patriarchal.
Here is a list of what is typically seen as matrilineal and matrilocal societies. As you will see they are incredibly diverse and cross the world. But matriarchy/patriarchy is something a bit harder to put your fingers on.
Not fully related to Alexanders presence in India but: There are several really interesting things one could look at when talking about the Greco-Indian culture. Personally what I was really surprised by while visiting museums during my travels in India was the way hellenistic (the ancient greek/macedonian civilization that preceded the roman empire) culture changed religious symbols in the sub-continent to be more human-like. The jist of it is that the Buddha, before the hellenistic influence was not manifested in human pictures such as sculptures or portraits, but more as a aniconic representations of Buddha.
This is an interesting source on the matter https://www.academia.edu/5974580/When_the_Greeks_Converted_the_Buddha_Asymmetrical_Transfers_of_Knowledge_in_Indo-Greek_Cultures
Disclaimer: I am in no means an expert on the field, merely a hobby historian. If there's anyone with better sources/conflicting sources I am looking forward to reading more about it, and I chose to post in this thread due to there being no responses.
A blog post without a single citation is not a source.
What you should probably work to understand is that fighting over the definition of the word 'racism' is NOT the real battle. One side says racial prejudice always involves some kind of social power battle under the surface. That is probably true. The other side says that racial prejudice can come from anyone. That is also probably true.
Are black people also capable to abusing power? Check out this article by a black professor who seems to think so:
>p. 233
>When I was a (black) teenager in the grips of false beliefs about the inferiority of white people(due in great part to the conviction that their presumed racist attitudes rendered them brutish,stupid, and dangerous), my belief constituted racism. And when I translated those beliefs into malicious actions (taunting, excluding, fighting), it was behavioral expression of racism. And when I was in a group of like-minded young racists, and we chose to take over the back of a public transportation bus and become openly hostile and threatening toward white riders — often to the point that they felt so unsafe that they disembarked before their desired destination had been reached, it was an exercise of power that adds up to race-based oppression.
Both sides are attempting to come up with a proper understanding of why prejudice exists, and both sides want to work toward ending that prejudice. Learn to pick your battles a little better, and maybe do a little more research yourself.
Ibn Fadlan says five thousand Norsemen converted to Islam in Volga Bulgaria, so he built a wooden mosque for them and taught them to pray. Source.
That figure is compared to a "synthetic Texas" construction which assumes a continuing downward trend at the same linear rate, which is obviously not indefinitely sustainable. Teen abortions actually spiked downward (even from "synthetic Texas) in 2012, with birth rates rising.
Here's the paper for anyone who would prefer their data unfiltered by HuffPo - that is to say, useful.
Oh, and by the way...
>There was a 28% decline in the abortion rate in Texas between 2011 and 2014, from 13.5 to 9.8 abortions per 1,000 women of reproductive age.
Just to clarify, just because caste is described in a certain way in various texts doesn't mean that that is how society was necessarily organized. You see Buddhist texts talking about the superiority of the Kshatriyas or the Sakya clan, but that doesn't necessarily mean that that was how Indian Buddhist society was organized.
Descriptions of caste primarily come from British Protestants taking their views of the Catholic feudal system and superimposing them onto India. So British Protestants viewed Catholicism as a religion with corrupt priests imposing a corrupt hierarchy leading the people astray. So in the mind of British Protestants, there was an organized religion called Hinduism with texts like the Vedas with Manu Smriti being the Hindu law book, and the Brahmins were the priests imposing a hierarchical system onto the people.
This contradicts a lot of ethnographic data on caste (ex. previously Shudra Patels emulating the Banias to gain Vaishya status because Brahmin culture in Gujarat is not respected, majority of monasteries of in South India are headed by Shudras, atrocities against Dalits are a lot of the time committed by other Shudras and Dalits and not Brahmins).
Plus, Hinduism is not an organized religion (and the category "religion" is not a good way to describe non-Abrahamic traditions). Kashmiri Brahmins, Tamil Vellalars, Oria Adivasis have completely different practices, although with similar deities. Manu Smriti was only proclaimed as the universal law book for all Hindus when Orientalist William Jones translated the book in 1798 and made that proclamation.
Here's a paper talking about how the predominant theories of caste are extremely faulty.
>is going to radicalize other parts of the world.
How many people realise that one of the primary goals of terrorism is that the community the terrorists supposedly represent are persecuted, the greater the persecution the better, because it creates a sense of injustice that leaves a cognitive opening for the extremist to say
"they don't hate us for our actions they hate us because we are muslims, look you have done nothing, you are innocent of any crime but yet they persecute you as if you are the terrorist, because it's not about the crime."
https://www.academia.edu/12629134/Its_A_Trap_Provoking_an_Overreaction_is_Terrorism_101
This is a well worn and effective strategy carried out by numerous militant groups down the ages.
The clearest evidence this theory is correct is the events of Black July. The Tamil Tigers went from being a tiny group to become its own state with a Navy and Air Force.
The injustice in punishing innocent people creates an opening for radicalisation and it's one of the primary goals of terrorism.
Hello friend!
I'm a philosophy graduate student in Canada, and I actually wrote my undergraduate honours thesis on this very argument.
I will try to answer your objections quickly and succinctly, but I will link my paper at the bottom should you be interested in reading more about this argument.
"The first cause doesn't have to be a being." Sure it does! What else could it be? A non-being?
"The first cause doesn't need to continue to act on the universe after the very first action." This is actually the entire point of the argument from motion. The first cause is not first temporarily (although it does just happen to be that too), but first in the order of causation. Thus, behind every single movement (change), we must posit a first cause of that movement, and this cause must itself be eternally unmoving. This is why it doesn't matter if the universe is eternal or not to this argument. Either way, if there is movement (change), there must be first mover!
"How can we explain that this first cause is God the Father?" We can't! This argument simply cannot show that. It can, however, show that there is a being which is eternal, immaterial, at least powerful enough to create all material reality, the grounding of all movement (change), and creative. This sounds a lot like God, does it not? St. Thomas' other arguments also prove other things about this being. However, belief that this being is God the Father is just a small step of faith.
I hope I helped! I don't think I can insert a PDF document here (someone correct me if I'm wrong), but here is a link to my paper on Academia.edu: https://www.academia.edu/24372392/Aquinas_and_the_Argument_from_Motion_From_Potency_and_Act_to_an_Unmoved_Mover
God bless!
>The average height for people living at that time was 5ft 3in
That seemed really short to me, so I did a bit of checking. Using the height data from this dissertation (starting on page 73 there is stature data). The mean adult male height from the two sites surveyed in central Italy seems to be 167 cm, or ~5'5". My gut instinct is that people would be a bit taller in places like Britain where health indicators tend to be a bit better, and a bit shorter in places like the Fayyum in Egypt where health indicators are kind of awful.
What you have just copy and pasted is complete nonsense. P.S. That link you have posted leads to a conspiracy theory website. P.S.S. I authored that reddit comment
Hi, just wanted to voice my appreciation of the immense contributions to the field of Assyriology that Germany has given. Until recently it was rather popular for academics to ignore or even be dismissive of a link between modern and ancient Assyrians. Many of our neighbors in our homeland in northern Iraq also like to dismiss any connection to the ancient Assyrians in order to lessen our claims to our land and indigeneity.
Thanks in no small part to efforts of leading German Assyriologists such as Karen Radner (though she is originally from Austria) and Hartmut Kühne, more and more academics and Assyriologists are taking an interest in the continuity of Assyrian culture post-fall of Nineveh.
In addition, German institutions such as the Max Planck Society have been crucial for pushing ancient DNA analysis, and hopefully sometime in the future they will be able to analyze ancient Mesopotamian samples as well. They have already done good work with samples from regions such as Greece.
For a related question: There was an instance where scientists at the Max Planck Society because very hesitant about publishing ancient DNA findings that appeared to support the Corded Ware culture replacement theory, since this theory had become popular during the Third Reich. How do Germans feel about scientific DNA testing becoming more and more commonplace, and about its potential consequences?
I have yet to visit the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. Hopefully I will visit sometime in the near future.
https://archive.is/KIq7h wait revenge porn also affects men?
BUT BUT MUH NARRATIVE
The strong implication he makes that this mainly affects women is just well...
>he’s circumcised (happily so). I actually told him about this conversation a while back and he thinks it’s ridiculous.
The vast majority of circumcised women are also happy with their circumcision and want to continue the practice. And ignorance is a big part of why men are ever okay with their circumcision; they simply don't know what they're missing. So "some men are happy about it, so it's okay" is a retarded argument
Here's a recent master's thesis on the subject. See also the literature review.
>Hüseyin (<strong>2014</strong>) Cross-linguistic influence: The potential effect of Chinese (L1) syntactic language transfer on English (L2) writing proficiency for students on a Pre-Master’s programme (PMP) at Queen Mary University of London.
In this study, the highest errors were with respect to articles and number agreement, though the paper also talks about other errors.
Here is an article written by an academic that looks into the everyday life experience of fame. You answer your phone and it's Tom Hanks. Just one time when you are a bit impolite to somebody becomes a headline news story. The academic got access to clearly very famous celebs.
Sorry, my memory was a bit vague.
The depopulated zones made by the Germanic (and/or Celtic -his definitions are not always the same as today's) tribes -at the very least the Suebi- are mentioned by Caesar in Bello Gallico 4.3.1
Tacitus seem to mainly refer to depopulated zones between the Romans and the other tribes but made by the Romans themselves for defensive purposes.
Though the logic may have been much the same and the areas thus talked about in much the same way by the Romans independent of who did the main depopulation (Wolfdoc 2017, Journal of personal speculation).
Edit: For a broader view, see also Bellazzi 2013
So, I guess from Shakespeare's perspective, Bohemia really did contain both a coastline and an region still known for being the ancient "buffer zone" of the Romans.
There are elements of the Garden of Eden story that we can see in the Sumerian Myth of Enki and Ninhursag. The Flood story can be traced back - practically word for word - through several iterations in southern Mesopotamian history to the third millennium BC, about 2,000 years before it appears in Genesis.
The Book of Genesis, in particular, seems to be a compendium of the mythologies and folklores of Bronze Age herders from the pasturelands on the margins of the great civilizations - the nomadic pastoralists that occupied the space between the Nile, Canaan, and Mesopotamia.
The book Ishmael by Daniel Quinn does a great job addressing the anthropology of Genesis by contextualizing the perspective of its scribes. Highly recommended if the anthropology of Genesis is your thing. Biblical prehistory tends to otherwise fall through the cracks of academia.
Edit: While Ishmael is indeed a work of philosophy from the early 90s, there are chapters in which he has prescient insights about the Neolithic and Bronze Ages of northern Arabia. As an archaeologist who specializes in the Palaeolithic and Neolithic periods of the Arabian Peninsula, I find his work to be among the only valid attempts to understand Biblical/Qur'anic folklore within the context of prehistoric archaeology.
Edit 2: Hard to say whether it's well received or not because I don't think it's on any academic radars. Biblical anthropology - particularly the prehistory of Genesis Chapters 1 to 11 - is not a recognized discipline. Prehistorians consider it shameful to touch the Old Testament, while Biblical scholars consider it way too far outside their discipline to be of interest. I'm doing my best to change that with papers such as this (sorry for the shameless plug, but it's best example I can think of): https://www.academia.edu/386944/New_Light_on_Human_Prehistory_in_the_Arabo-Persian_Gulf_Oasis
I found a good Source which requires you to be a member of academia.edu to download. A little taster of what he says were stereotypes of Egyptians, Jews and Phoenicians:
- "Greek and Roman Stereotypes of the Jews are reminiscent of, and mostly less extreme than, their views of other oriental nations [wise, mystical, exotic]...positive references to the Jews' antiquity, religious beliefs and customs, social customs, and moral rectitude... No mention of Jews in Roman records of scholars travelling to the orient to study science or academy (unlike numerous accounts of people gaining great learning from having travelled to Egypt, Babylon, Persia etc). "The Jews were the only people to successfully resist Christianisation, and only then do they gain their 'odd men out' in Western History", relative to the region.
- Egypt: "Supreme antiquity... fabulous monuments... stupendous riches... sublime religions. "Character flaws of cowardice, servility, rebelliousness, haughtiness... played second-fiddle to bizarre religious practices"... "the most superstitious of all people". "Egyptians attempted to claim any aspect of Greek culture as their own"
- Phoenicians: "character flaws... piracy, greed, cruelty, faithlessness, deceitfulness... in every possible literary context". [Herodotus]: "Phoenicians abandon [unseemly] circumcision when they travel to Greek areas"... "a nation of travelling salesmen, always willing to adopt alien ways of life"
Yep they were, in fact this was one of the earliest an largest signs of British superiority in the intelligence sector. Come WWII the British taught the OSS (WWII prelude to the CIA) all the tricks in the trade.
I actually wrote my undergrad dissertation on this, if anyone cares Anglo-American Intelligence Relations 1910-1945
Edit: Wow, 100 views in one day on my paper. It's now one of the most viewed papers on Academia for it's category :). Thank you for taking such an interest.
They didn't. There are many other common ways to indicate a question which are employed by languages, such as syntactic clefting (wh- movement) and the use of modal particles. Pitch is only one known way to indicate that. These other methods are extremely important in languages that reserve pitch contours for other functions, such as lexical tone disambiguation or the marking of negation as in some varieties of Igbo^link and in Dangme^link.
WALS has a interesting article on a related phenomena so you should check out chapter 116.
So this is earlier than Medieval, but you might find it interesting:
Really common items in Viking finds are ear spoons (for earwax), combs, tweezers...it seems they primped a lot. If the word "metrosexual" existed back then, that's how Anglo-Saxons would've described them. There are complaints about those pretty-boy Vikings with their notions of combed hair and weekly baths stealing all the ladies. Apparently they'd ditch their husbands for one of those Viking guys.
See: https://www.academia.edu/4138376/Vikings_The_Pretty_Boys_of_the_Middle_Ages
On the flip side, when Muslims, who have it as part of their religion that they wash up before each of their 5 daily prayers, met the Vikings, their impression was that they were horribly, disgustingly dirty. I mean, they only bathe once a week!
> They are the filthiest of all Allah’s creatures: they do not purify themselves after excreting or urinating or wash themselves when in a state of ritual impurity after coitus and do not even wash their hands after food.
(from Arab writer Ahmad ibn Fadlan)
As a transwoman and alumni of Goldsmiths, this makes me so angry. Despite having just the one publication from a psychology conference, Kennedy is not a qualified psychologist or neuroscientist (both of which do exist at Goldsmiths). Nor is she a legal expert. If reports that she also teaches under the name Mark Hellen there, then that makes her an MA in ICT - not at all qualified to talk in an academic context on this topic, let alone lead a full group of people on it.
The idea of proposing false allegations against anyone is downright stupid. To be an academic that also advocates for this is not only absolutely pathetic, but an abuse of a position of power that I think should have them lose their position!
The problem I have with those sources is that there is evidence of Monsanto publishing ghost written papers to downplay any links to cancer. See here: https://www.academia.edu/36753735/The_Monsanto_Papers_Poisoning_the_Scientific_Well
In these declassified documents Monsanto employees admit to ghost writing studies that the EPA etc. then cite as their evidence that glyphosate is not linked to cancer.
I don't know if glyphosate causes cancer or not, but I think these practices make it much harder to find out.
There is a fantastic paper here which sets out the differences in consumer behavior when it comes to signalling with luxury goods.
tl;dr: The richer you get, the more subtle you get.
More than fair: that is, you quite rightly distinguish absence of evidence from ...
You're also quite right that camels turn up in all sorts of interesting contexts from around 2000 BCE on, including:
- Old-Babylonian (1950-1600 BCE) era inscriptions in Ugarit
- petroglyphs all over the Orient well before 1500 BCE, and especially in Egypt after 2400 BCE
- camels in funerary contexts that seem to be widely-accepted, but for which I can't find academic documentation
My own speculation: I think camels were domesticated quite early, well before the Patriarchs, but remained exotic until considerably later; in fact, I suspect that modern (say, those from the last couple of millenia) camels might share surprisingly little descent with the first domesticated populations.
On yet another hand, here's evidence that camels can be widespread-though-in-thin-use, and leave little historical trace: "Camels in Early Medieval Western Europe ..."
My conclusion: much good, productive research remains to be done in this area. While I suspect we'll eventually conclude camels appear anachronistically in Genesis, I'm even more certain surprises will continue to turn up.
I'm not sure how much you hang out with actual trans people and not weird denizens of Tumblr but I think you will come to notice, this is the only case trans people are concerned about (Yes, I realize this is no true-scotsman, but that doesn't make it true). Any other reason is just you not being attracted to a persons body shape, or reproductive capability. That is not transphobic, because you could find those features in cis people. I'm just granting reproductive capability even if it is a fairly eye-rolly feature to describe attraction, especially for casual sex. People mention it though.
The transphobic sentiment trans people are concerned about when we utter, "it is transphobic to not date a trans person," is the sentiment that we really-deeply-truly are sex/gender we were assigned at birth and transition is just some sort of deception.
There is an interesting article about a related issue that of genitals and actual violence but the line of thinking and arguments can be repurposed here.
> This is pretty unfair....
The reason I mentioned those specific features is that they are both invisible to the human eye, or internal to the body. You can't know if a person has or doesn't have them via karyotyping, gynecological exam, or rectal exam. Correct me if I'm wrong, but it would be very odd to say, "I'm only attracted to two X chromosomes." Most people don't even know with absolute certainty what a chromosome looks like, let alone what anyones is besides making educated guesses.
The reason I nominated Luntz's memo for this thread is because these strategy memos had usually been private and, if I recall, was inadvertently disclosed.
It has to be understood as part of the larger corporate social movement, emerging out of capitalism's crisis of legitimacy, in the late 60s and 70s. Very popularly enacted environmental legislation and regulations were vigorously opposed by business groups. You might want to learn more about the actual evidence of collusion before you dismiss it. The anti-environmental movement is real and well documented. Corporations have taken coordinated action to defeat environmentalism by sowing doubt about the science, dismissing environmentalists as being outside the mainstream, accusing the other side of regulatory overreach, claiming that Republicans are the ones truly on the side of the environment, pushing a pro-market agenda, framining the issue as jobs versus the environment, etc etc. They have spent billions on this goal. And your comment basically feeds right into the disinformation and propaganda efforts that corporate America has been investing in for the last three decades.
It's not hard to find evidence of this, in fact it is out in the open. I recommended Sharon Beder's book which draws on the actual reports published by conservative think tanks, front groups, and business lobbies such as the Chamber of Commerce. Here are some other sources you may find interesting:
http://www.pnas.org/content/113/1/92.abstract https://www.academia.edu/5960537/Corporate_Discourse_on_Climate_Change
So, this week I finally bit the bullet and did something I'd been debating for months. I uploaded my entire PhD thesis to my Academia.edu page. In the end, I decided that I would prefer more people had access to it (and that some might actually read it) to the possibility of me getting a few more articles in my CV. My current publication plans don't rely on reiterating what my thesis says verbatim, so I don't think I'm losing much anyway. Besides, I probably won't be taking a full time post in academia anyway.
I thought I'd share it here, as it might be of interest to some of our readers and contributors. Warning, it's long and contains numerous graphs, and the sexy St. Sebastian images may be NSFW :). It's titled The Technological Development of the Longbow and the Crossbow in the Later Middle Ages and can be accessed via that link. If you do read it, I hope you find it interesting!
Minor clarification - a lot of the Byzantinists I know now redate the first siege of Constantinople to 668 (see this article here from 2013). I'm quite pleased about that, since for some reason the person who made the image actually chanced upon a recent historiographical development :O
As for the 'invasion' of 'France', it's also good to mention this new open access article on a few eighth-century Muslim burials from southern France, which:
> indicate the co-existence of communities in Nimes practicing Christian and Muslim funerary customs without any clear partition of their respective funerary spaces. These results clearly highlight the complexity of the relationship between communities during this period, far from the cliché depiction still found in some history books.
You're right that egg laying rates were nowhere near modern levels, but you're low-balling Medieval production. This article will tell you more than you ever wanted to know about Medieval chickens. The author estimates an average of 70-100 eggs per hen per year based on a range of values culled from a variety of sources.
Concerning confinement, henhouses were important at night to protect against dogs, foxes, and other predators.
Wrong! The vast majority of opioid addiction-treating drugs we have today are due to the work of scientists funded through NIH via the Committee on Drug Addiction and Narcotics in response to the massive opium problems in the late 19th and early 20th century in the US. In fact, according to this article,
> "The Committee’s research program was a highly organized, centrally orchestrated effort—one of the first scientific collaborations that focused the U.S. government scientific resources on solving a social problem.
Buprenorphine specifically was created by members of the Addiction Research Center, a lab that was run by the National Institute of Mental Health.
Decided to read a bit from McKinnon's twitter where McKinnon linked to their most recent article, and geez please tell me most of the humanities and philosophy have higher standards than this.
This apparently made it through peer review: https://www.academia.edu/20308842/The_Epistemology_of_Propaganda
It reads like a twitter thread chain. No fewer than four references to "theterfs.com" as a source, calling things "bullshit," using that one quote from de Beauvoir that trans people actually know out of context and mangling its meaning, and mixing up "it's" with "its." And I could go on. This is trans scholarship? People are flying McKinnon around to present on this? Just, wow.
Algerian christians are traditionally catholic, but according to one study, they have been overtaken by the Protestants due to recent conversons.
https://www.academia.edu/16338087/Believers_in_Christ_from_a_Muslim_Background_A_Global_Census
Egypt, Libya and Sudan are coptic. Ethiopia and Eritrea have their own subbranches of orthodox Christianity called Tewahedo.
I train both BJJ and Japanese Jujutsu... And I've yet to come across a BJJ school that actually denies their Japanese roots.
In fact, I've written a paper on this origin with references to a number of other sources that also talk about the Japanese origins.
https://www.academia.edu/14995625/Jujutsu_Judo_and_Jiu-jitsu_A_Historical_Comparison_of_Terms
Having said that, there are usually gaps in any one "tool" and most arguments on martial "effectiveness" stem from misunderstanding or misusing a tool in a context it is not meant to be used in.
If I try and use a hammer like a screwdriver, people are going to tell me it's ineffective and I'm a dumbass.
It's not all that different with martial arts, I see my BJJ and my Jujutsu training as different (though complementary) tools. Likewise my firearms training is a different tool, for a different context. Just because firearms are an appropriate response in some scenarios doesn't mean I stop training martial arts, and just because de-escalation/verbal-judo is appropriate in other contexts doesn't mean I denigrate martial arts.
You have to chose the right "tool" for the right "problem" and it is this simple principle that underlies many of the negative things said about different martial arts.
This is going to be a fair TL;DR for a lot of people like the last one. 6000-ish words, pretty much a collection of four smaller essays/articles on various issues one could take with 'moe'. So, the TL;DR:
- The 'unrealness' of moe is exactly what we look for in it, to various extents. Saying that its unrealness is bad alienates many who build their identity on an escape from an oppressive reality.
- Moe is the opposite of the 'male gaze' the TMS article talks about. It involves breaking down gender and social constructs, and it's awesome in that respect.
- Regardless of the age of the viewer of a childlike moe girl, the viewer's feeling of moe infantilizes the viewer themselves. They share a space of youth; it's not a power dynamic.
- Where moe /can/ become an issue is when its ideals are forced onto 'real' women, and when things that do fall under the 'male gaze' permeate imagery that is otherwise moe. The latter stops being moe at all, really.
I strongly recommend reading Galbaith's The Moe Manifesto - it has interviews with the likes of Jun Maeda, to name drop - and his essay on lolicon culture if you can stomach a far more academic style. They were my main sources for unpicking what 'moe' is really about, from the casual viewer who loved New Game! this season to the guy everyone calls a 'weirdo' for marrying a body pillow. Understanding moe has helped me appreciate a massive area of identity for so many people in Japan. I think I'll be able to enjoy moe shows even more, being now far more sensitive to what kind of viewer they're made for, and what amazing progress moe is making for many marginalized people.
If you read any of the article, thank you so much!
That is the most thorough documentation. I'd also recommend JJ Shea's Homo sapiens is as Homo sapiens Was. It is shorter and so more manageable and it gives an update on what has been published since McBrearty and Brooks.
I think what you are looking for is the golgi tendon reflex
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golgi_tendon_reflex
Also in my archaeology class we talked about ancient people developing there lower back muscles so much they break their own vertebrae developing false joints between the differt columns.
( on mobile will link source later)
Edit: Here is the link (scroll down to vertebrae on page 158) that describes the exact phenomenon associated with the fracture of the vertebrae among ancient peoples. The paper also highlights multiple other cases of vertebrae trauma pathologies among ancient peoples. Hope this helps. Oh and I should be getting a pic of the actual false joints soon if anyone is interested.
This is actually an interesting piece of history, because those tatars went to Constantinople, they were visiting it, before going to Mecca and perform the hajj as Muslim, the Grand Vizier Rustem Pasha stopped them and asked them question and the Sultan was also intrigued so they wrote a letter titled "Risâle-i Tatar-i Leh” (The history of Polish Tatars).