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100 reviews of this app found across Reddit:
If we're gonna hug archive.org to death we might help out as well.
These guys are doing a tremendous job and they only survive through donations.
Link: https://archive.org/donate/index.php
P.S. They accept Bitcoin as well
Its well known that they had an almost complete game and weren't happy with it. So they threw it all away and just started over, when your company is made of money you can do shit like that. HL3 will come out at some point and we will all shit our pants over how good it is. I for one will stay up all night and drop any responsibilities I have, to play through that game as soon as I can.
Edit: Here is a source and that was about 2 minutes of google. Its in that interview they linked but the site is down and Here is the archive. I'm sure hes mentioned it other times.
Also, the period of time when the Roosevelts married was a time when "good girls" were expected to dislike sex, societally. Many women worked around this, of course, with loving partners, but don't underestimate how miserable sex made many women in the early twentieth century and before. There was little to no foreplay, the female orgasm was seen as dirty (if men understood it at all), masturbation was heavily frowned upon, and sex education mainly consisted of older women discussing forbearance.
I have a sex manual written in the late nineteenth century, but published in 1912, and it reminds men that their wedding night will be painful and unenjoyable for their wives. If, the book notes, she has still not recovered from it after several weeks, he should take her to a doctor.
Edit: for those of you interested, this is the book, though this is the 1916 version: https://archive.org/details/naturessecretsre1919shan. Pasted from my phone, so here's hoping this link works!
It's not like millions of average, everyday German people supported Hitler while worshipping Beelzebub, nor did Hitler introduce anything new in the way people felt about Jews. Opinions change. I'm nowhere near a supporter of the Klan, but take D.W.Griffith's 1915 film 'Birth of a Nation'. The film was a commercial success. Here is it's theatrical poster. The way the horseman is portrayed in that picture is as an heroic knight, the polar opposite of the way people feel today.
I suppose the point is that people can go out and do horrid things and then get back to their golf game.
Maybe you're thinking of The Most Dangerous Game?
[edit] Just read the synopsis. Apparently a lot of stories involve people on private islands
In case you're wondering what, exactly, the Harvard Classics are.
EDIT: Some folks have been complaining that this isn't a direct link to the free books. You can find the free books here and here: (http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Harvard_Classics_(Bookshelf\)
(parenthesis on the second link make hotlinking it not possible)
Those wishing to read the collection, "The Report of the Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger" may find it here. Or, you may find it here.
The original, irreplaceable volumes of the HMS Challenger's material as compiled and edited by Sir John Murray are very much preserved.
Any volumes destroyed by Fisheries and Ocean's Canada would have been a copied publication of this groundbreaking work. This work, of course can be found in a number of places.
This critical fact leads me to question the validity of this article.
It effects cells ability to absorb oxygen and kills the individual by robbing the vital systems (respiratory, brain, cardiovascular) of oxygen. Imagine a fish out of water where the lungs still function by breathing in, but can't absorb oxygen. Additionally seizures are common when individuals are exposed to large amounts.
(Source)
But wait! Wouldn't those games be ableist towards individuals that are incapable of emotional depth? Ugh you are LITERALLY calling for the systematic gaming oppression of autistic people, and that is some triggering shit.
Obviously, games just shouldn't exist anymore. That way, everyone is equal.
In 1948, Albert Einstein signed a letter to the NYT that denounced the Herut party and its leader Menachem Begin as fascist, chauvinist, and terroristic. Begin eventually founded the Likud party by merging Herut with others, and it is this Likud party whose chairman Netanyahu is Israel's prime minister. From the letter:
>Among the most disturbing political phenomena of our times is the emergence in the newly created state of Israel of the "Freedom Party" (Tnuat Haherut), a political party closely akin in its organization, methods, political philosophy and social appeal to the Nazi and Fascist parties. It was formed out of the membership and following of the former Irgun Zvai Leumi, a terrorist, right-wing, chauvinist organization in Palestine.
>...
>It is inconceivable that those who oppose fascism throughout the world, if correctly informed as to Mr. Begin's political record and perspectives, could add their names and support to the movement he represents. Before irreparable damage is done by way of financial contributions, public manifestations in Begin's behalf, and the creation in Palestine of the impression that a large segment of America supports Fascist elements in Israel, the American public must be informed as to the record and objectives of Mr. Begin and his movement.
>...
>In the light of the foregoing considerations, it is imperative that the truth about Mr. Begin and his movement be made known in this country. It is all the more tragic that the top leadership of American Zionism has refused to campaign against Begin's efforts, or even to expose to its own constituents the dangers to Israel from support to Begin.
Albert Einstein considered himself a cultural Zionist, but he basically Godwinned the right wing movement that is ruling Israel today. Considering that he was a Jew who fled the Nazi regime itself, maybe he was on to something.
To everyone hating on celebrity charities, you can usually find the information online as to how effective they are. For example, this is the jolie-pitt foundations tax return for 2011
The TL;DR of it is:
*The foundation received 4.6 million in 2011
*It made about 2 million in charitable contributions in that year
*It paid about 1.3 million in expenses (1/3 to lawyers, 1/3 to staff, 1/3 to 'other expenses')
*It rolled about 1.3 million over for the next year.
*Expenses paid vs charitable money given is about 60% to the charities. I have no idea how good that is considered in the non profit world.
*Later in the return it lists some info on the previous 5 years, with average effective rate of around 75%
*It also looks like it might be sitting on around 23 million that is being rolled over, though I am not sure.
*Also note that it is listed as a 'non exempt charitable trust', which seems to imply that it pays some taxes, though I could not find a easy to read explanation of these trusts, and their tax burdens.
My amateur analysis is they are doing a decent job keeping their effective rate up while stacking money in the bank (presumably so they can use it for charitable giving later in life, maybe when they have more time to devote to it.)
If anyone is a tax specialist or knows about charities/NGOs I would love to hear some knowledgeable opinions.
It's a variant of Sixsmith, a sickle smith.
*I return, bearing sources:Meaning of Sixsmith
They sent Alex Haley to interview white supremecist George Lincoln Rockwell in the 60's. He arrived and Lincoln started the interview by saying to Haley,"Just so you know, we refer to you people as niggers." Haley replied,"I've been called nigger before. This will be the first time I've gotten paid for it."
Source; I read it in a hardback collection of Playboy interviews.
EDIT: Holy shit! It's archived!
The film is called "Torpedo Squadron 8" and you can watch it for free online. Also I highly recommend you watch The Battle of Midway. It's only 18 minutes long and contains some of the best archival footage of WWII battle.
Also I'll just plug the book I learned this from. It's called Five Came Back by Mark Harris. It's an excellent book about how five famous Hollywood directors left their big careers in order to join the army and make war films. Highly recommended.
The Ranseur (Image no 7) (another page) is the only pole weapon I recall that resembles a trident. The hilt is crescent shaped and was probably used to parry and disarm opponents.
The book is An Illustrated History of Arms and Armour: From the Earliest Period to the Present Time, by Auguste Demmin.
> I've not access to the book
It's available at Archive.org, here's the full text of that portion (p.73):
> Ballista, or Demon's Head. — Algonkin tradition affirms that in ancient times, during the fierce wars which the Indians carried on, they constructed a very formidable instrument of attack, by sewing up a large round boulder in a new skin. To this a long handle was tied. When the skin dried, it became very tight around the stone, and, after being painted with devices, assumed the appearance and character of a solid globe upon a pole. This formidable instrument was borne by several warriors, who acted as ballisters. Plunged upon a boat or canoe, it was capable of sinking it. Brought down among a group of men on a sudden, it produced consternation and death.
So it doesn't sound like a ballista in the same sense of a kind of "giant crossbow" associated with the Romans, but instead was a sort of "giant club" for breaking up boats and men alike.
From the 1850's up until the First World War, quite a lot of emphasis was put on the use of the bayonet as a weapon. British soldiers would have trained with reference to Henry Charles Angelo's <em>Bayonet Exercise</em>, which presents a systematic form of bayonet fighting; there were other bayonet manuals published by Sir Richard Burton and others. Swords and lances were still primary weapons for cavalry at this time. There was quite a general passion for martial arts in the Victorian period, and officers and men may have taken part in Assaults of Arms, though the hey-day of this seems to have been after the Anglo-Zulu war. There was also regimental boxing; competitions between regiments were I think only established in the 1890's, but I don't know about within regiments.
Whilst they may not have had the skill of Zulu warriors who fought primarily with the spear and shield, I think it would be inaccurate to suggest that British soldiers would have necessarily been 'bad' at close quarter fighting. They were trained for it, armed for it and many probably had direct experience using that training.
There are tapes of a sitting president, Lyndon B. Johnson, talking about blackmailing a sitting supreme court justice, Earl Warren.
>Here is the quotation attributed to LBJ in his phone conversation with Richard Russell, apparently taken from the White House tapes, through the source listed above:
>"Warren told me he wouldn't do it under any circumstances...He came down here and told me no, twice. And I just pulled out what (FBI director) Hoover told me about a little incident in Mexico City...and he started crying and he said, "I won't turn you down. I'll just do whatever you say."
He is on tape. This is public record.
https://archive.org/details/lbj631106
It is also public record that undercover CIA agents implant themselves into our Congress and Senate. Why is this not a bigger deal?
Great reply! I have one follow-up question.
>Most torture devices from the era are inventions of Victorian era freakshows (that were very popular at the time). Beatings, floggings, suspensions with rope, burning, thumbscrews and the traction table are the only tortures I have been able to confirm was used.
On John Oliver's new HBO show, Last Week Tonight, he referenced various torture/execution devices.
>We loved killing people so much, we kept coming up with new inventive techniques that looked like they were designed by the Marquis de Sade and named by Willy Wonka.
>UNIDENTIFIED MALE: This is the head crusher.
>UNIDENTIFIED MALE: These devices have almost childlike names, like penny-winkies.
>(LAUGHTER)
>OLIVER: Ooh, that's right, penny-winkies, a delightful English cousin of the throaty tug-tug and the joggly-shocky-buzz-buzz-tickly-wickly seats.
Do you know what "penny-winkies" were, and whether they actually existed/were used in the medieval period? The only online mention I could find predating this TV program is from "Kirkwall in the Orkneys" by Buckham Hugh Hossack, 1900:
>Besides the torture of the "boot," we hear of the "cashie laws," an iron stocking heated up by a moveable furnace; of the penny winkies, the thumbscrew, and of the simple scourge...
.. and specific pages on Arhive.org get visited very rarely. Doesn't mean it still isnt valuable to understand history and patterns.
I, for one, would rather pay more to store previous research than to pay researchers to recreate it; if it was even possible.
> gristle-straps
So, I was fascinated by this phrase and went-a-googlin'.
This book https://archive.org/details/newcodeusefulkn00unkngoog is the only place I could find where that phrase comes up. I must conclude, then, that you are a 152 year old woman from either India or England.
I've got backup!
Archive.org has more than just the WayBackMachine that they're mainly known for (shows websites from the past).
My favorite is their collection of old 35mm film, but they also have archives of tons of other stuff from all sorts of video media, archived books and texts, and other super interesting historical stuff.
And here's an interesting website that has collected the footage from every channel so you can see exactly how they covered it.
Edit: Holy shit, this is kind of freaky. Go to CNN's coverage just before they went to the commercial when the first tower got hit. Last thing they mention before covering the attacks was that Boeing's stock might drop. That is a pretty eerie coincidence.
The dirt was used primarily in two ways. First, the initial dirt dug was used to build up the parapet along the front edge of the trench, which would have positions for rifleman to fire from at points along the top of the parapet. The parapet would require more dirt than might be expected, as to make earth bullet or shell proof it has to be compacted as much as possible. At the back end of the trench would be constructed the parados, a compacted dirt defense much like the parapet. Depending on the type of soil encountered, and the depth of the water table, it was often impossible to dig a trench down to a sufficient depth to effectively protect the soldiers. In these cases, much more dirt would have to be built up on both sides of the trench to provide sufficient cover.
The second use of dirt from the trenches would be to fill sandbags, which could then be used to strengthen the walls of trenches, bomb shelters, dugouts and the like. The work of expanding, reinforcing, and improving the trenches was a never ending one, and they would store the dirt in sandbags until it was required for repairing or reinforcing sectors of the trenches.
For more information than you ever wanted to know about trench construction, check out the manual "Trench Warfare, a Manual for Officers and Men" by Second Lieutenant Joseph Smith of the BEF, circa 1917. It is pretty comprehensive, and an interesting read. https://archive.org/details/trenchwarfareman00smitrich
No download option? Hmm...
for n in $(seq -f "%04g" 1 218); do wget -c http://read.gov/books/pageturner/alice_wonderland/img/$n.jpg; done convert *.jpg alice_wonderland.pdf
Well that works to get the scans, could go further to automate it for all books, meh. archive.org/texts
The Naudet brothers documentary 9/11. Is a first-hand account of the attacks in New York City. I highly recommend it for anyone who has only ever seen the news coverage.
Jules and Thomas Naudet were in New York City at the time of the September 11 attacks to film a documentary on members of the Engine 7, Ladder 1 firehouse in Lower Manhattan. Jules captured the only clear footage of the first plane, American Airlines Flight 11, hitting the North tower of the World Trade Center. The video camera that Jules was using is now on display in the American History Museum in Washington D.C.
*I'm still looking for an HD Link, but here is one from Archive.org.
It's only identified as an Early American Flag and comes from the book The Flags of the World: Their History, Blazonry, and Associations by Frederick E. Hulme.
Albert Einstein Letter to The New York Times. December 4, 1948
>The discrepancies between the bold claims now being made by Begin and his party, and their record of past performance in Palestine bear the imprint of no ordinary political party. This is the unmistakable stamp of a Fascist party for whom terrorism (against Jews, Arabs, and British alike), and misrepresentation are means, and a "Leader State" is the goal.
>When a real and final catastrophe should befall us in Palestine the first responsible for it would be the British and the second responsible for it the Terrorist organizations build up from our own ranks.
I am not willing to see anybody associated with those misled and criminal people.
The Soviets were every bit as cruel and vile to civilians coming into Germany as the Germans were going the other direction. It's said after taking Berlin the Soviet troops "raped every women from 8 to 80". A Soviet war memorial in Berlin is sardonically called "tomb of the unknown rapist" by older local women for this reason.
WW2's Eastern front was Lawful Evil Vs. Chaotic Evil basically, to use a wholly inappropriate metaphor.
This was the period where advertisers had started to become aware transparent and off-putting their ads had become, so they started trying to set themselves outside of the pack by making ads that actually criticized the pretensions of consumer culture.
Unfortunately for them, the irony was not lost on their audience. Great documentary if you want to learn more:
According to Du Cange's Glossarium manuale ad scriptores mediae et infirmae Latinitatis Burchard uses "puerperium" to mean "os uteri" or the mouth of the uterus, i.e. the vagina.
/u/ManWithoutModem put together a good list of places to get free textbooks/ebooks online here.
I honestly wish I had this list when I was in college, because it would've made things much easier to find.
However, one resource that I noticed is missing from the list that I found helpful, not only for books, but also for finding movies and music is archive.org
This is the kind of stuff that needs to given a face. What you're describing is stealing livelihood of many modern independent artists.
Cory Doctorow wrote Content about the subject of intellectual property. It's CC, and he encourages fan audiobooks. The one on IP is read pretty well.
06 - How Do You Protect Artists is extremely relevant to your story.
Correct. There was so much clean-up, burying of bodies, getting people healthy again, etc. to do most places used the locals. NSFW Here's a video of the liberation of Buchenwald and Dachau.
Edit: So I used to teach a unit on the Holocaust, our school library had a VHS copy of the footage they showed at the Nuremberg trials, the copy we had didn't have a narrator but for anyone out there wanting to teach the atrocities of the Holocaust I'm providing the links to the other footage they showed at the trials and to the German public after the war. They are awful, NSFW or life in general, and just give you a glimpse of what everyone saw.
NSFW Nazi Concentration Camp This George Stevens Film was used as evidence at the Nuremberg trials.
NSFW Death Mills Billy Wilder's film was technically a propaganda film shown to Germans after the war to remind them of what happened.
Recorded with camstudio (recorded at 5 fps, key frame every frame), and converted with microsoft gif animator.
The gif came out at around ~50MB.
EDIT: Watch out! the camstudio installer comes with bloatware, which can be declined!
What about the Brandistock?
Excellent source by the way, I also found this: Military forks, some of which are three-pronged
For more info on Bernays and the rise of modern marketing and mass manipulation, see: The Century of the Self
Additionally:
Operation Hollywood: How the Pentagon Shapes and Censors the Movies
I always find Curtis' style to be very refreshing. I will admit it is a little tangled at times, more like he's discussing a series of interesting points he's discovered, but it always ties up rather nicely. The Power of Nightmares is a particular favorite of mine, he brings it all together rather well.
I think WWI was a big breaking point for makeup.
Mascara was oddly enough invented about at the same time on both sides of the ocean, the brands Rimmel and Maybelline both got started by inventing mascara. Maybelline mascara was invented in 1913 specifically for the sister of the inventor, called Maybel, after her brother saw her coating her lashes with vaseline and then coal dust. By 1917 it had become popular enough to open a successful mail order business.
Society doesn't go from Victorian morals to the Roaring Twenties with a snap of the fingers, most of the crumbling of the old moral walls was done in the decade before.
Of course, the looks were much more toned down, it was pretty much "no makeup makeup", but a touch of rouge and pressed powder, a little bit of eyebrow pencil (or more homey solutions), a hint of mascara was something a lot of women wore, even if they didn't admit it to the public.
This book from 1910 for example, suggests that for darkening the eyebrows one should avoid chemical dyes and instead use safe alternatives like burnt cork (page 197). Page 117 has a face powder recipe and application guide. Page 170 has a recipe on how to brighten eyes which is essentially a light cream eyeshadow - zinc oxide is a white pigment, and mercury oxide a yellowy orange.
Even if these are labeled as more palatable "cosmetic creams" and safer alternatives to already more accepted hair dye they essentially are makeup. A rose by any other name...
https://archive.org/details/JubatheBaghdadSniper-Tribute
There is a lot of propaganda and such, and they are trying to convince that is that one sniper named Juba that did all the kills when it's probably not true, but otherwise that's still a lot of shot marines.
It's also pretty interesting to see how a plate carrier can save you from a sniper round to the chest.
The very same.
You can read a bit of his stuff on Troy at this link. There's several parts that mention the 'suastika', but page 16 is the first proper mention. Page 101 and 2102 talk about the suastika, and describe it as follows:
> [...] as religious symbols of the very greatest importance among the early progenitors of the Aryan races in Bactricia and in the villages of the Oxus, at a time when Germans, Indians, Pelasgians, Celts, Persians, Slavonians, and Iranians still formed one nation and spoke one language.
They go on to talk about all the places Swastika's have been found, and he goes into detail about hindu myths about the symbol.
She is asserting her power over them because she is better than them... at what she does best. She makes cupcakes that my inner 8-year-old would freak out over and takes dream-like, creepy photos at the same time. They need to get over it. Life isn't Harrison Bergeron.
Edit: Harrison Bergeron is a famous short story written by Kurt Vonnegut. In the story, readers see a world where everyone is forced to be equal. Hearing and eyesight is crudely impaired, beauty is covered up, educated thoughts are painfully disrupted, and physically gifted people are literally weighted down. You can read it for free here.
Not in the English Caribbean colonies in the 1640s and 1650s. The distinction then (before racialised slavery was codified) was between "Christians" and "Negroes". Christians, which in Barbados was synonymous with white Europeans, were unenslaveable. Not being Christian, the "Negroes" could be slaves.
There's an episode in Ligon's book (writing about Barbados in 1647-50) that illustrates the distinction very sharply indeed. A black slave asked Ligon if he could be made a Christian; according to Ligon, this is what happened next:
> I came home, spoke to the Master of the Plantation, and told him, that poor Sambo desired much to be a Christian. But his answer was, That the people of that Island were governed by the Laws of England, and by those Laws, we could not make a Christian a Slave. I told him, my request was far different from that, for I desired him to make a Slave a Christian. His answer was, That it was true, there was a great difference in that: But, being once a Christian, he could no more account him a Slave, and so lose the hold they had of them as Slaves, by making them Christians; and by that means should open such a gap, as all the Planters in the Island would curse him. So I was struck mute, and poor Sambo kept out of the Church; as ingenious, as honest, and as good a natured poor soul, as ever wore black, or eat green.
(Source.)
(Edit: if you read the source, make sure you read the previous page too; it's heartbreaking stuff. But the whole book is remarkable. He was acutely observant, and interested in absolutely everything - from architecture to animal husbandry and music, to what people ate and what they did for fun. He also emerges as one of the few genuinely likeable people in the period: an extraordinarily compassionate and humane man.)
My favorite story about the Soviet Union is that in a two year period from november 1917 to november 1919 the New York Times reported that the Soviet leadership was about to be overthrown or actually overthrown no less than 91 times. They reported four times that Lenin and Trotsky were planning to flee the country, and three times they reported that they already had fled. They also reported that Lenin had been thrown in prison three times, that he was considering retiring two times and that he had been killed one time.
Source: A Test of the News - by Charles Merz and Walter Lippmann
You might be interested in The Conet Project, an attempt to catalog as many number stations as possible.
https://archive.org/details/ird059 has a huge list of audio from the project
and This is their official site.
So...according to the The Post Office Guide published in 1851, and written under the sanction of the post-master, they were already using steam ships to go to Australia (and everywhere else) at that time. I am not sure how much faster they were than clippers on the open ocean, though.
Edit: Well, responding to my own comment then about how much faster... Mr. Lettis may have jumped the gun a little, in reference to future plans. Trial runs had been made, but according to the RAHS, the first official mail-carrying steamer arrived in Sydney in 1852, and took 80 days to make the journey from Southampton. Later on, trips were taking a predictable average of 70 days.
The other factor on deliver/reply times is that mail packets only departed for Australia once a month. You could post a letter any time, but it might conceivably sit around for four weeks waiting to depart Southampton. The same was true on the reply-side. Once on the ground though, delivery times were not much slower than they are today.
So using this, the best possible case would be 5 months, worst case 7. However, the Suez Canal opening and improvements to steam engines cut down travel time considerably during the second half of Victoria's reign. The 70 day trip was taking 40 days by the 1885, and ships were departing more regularly.
This info about the schedules is found in any number of newspapers and magazines. I happened to use the July, 1867 issue of The Economist and the 1885 Pugh's Almanac.
This one's free. Some translations are definitely better than others.
EDIT: I have pictures on my desktop of two favorites but don't know how to get them linked into comments. HELP? yes.. IAMA 50 yr. old noob
>I've always felt that in a couple of more years Oscar will be just as important as Neymar if not more
Funny you mention this because 2 years ago, I feel that Oscar was the more important cog in the Brasil team. Back when he was wearing number 10, he was often the best performer of the team, despite Neymar commanding all the attention (which is understandable I guess). Things have changed a bit recently, and I believe some of the blame has to be put on the fact that Oscar has played basically year-round since 2012. The fact that he can still run around and cover every blade of grass every game is astounding to me.
Chelsea fans are funny with Oscar. He is a bit of a scapegoat at times, and is someone that people are quick to point out if he's not performing well. But then when he does something amazing like that goal yesterday everyone's back on the Oscar train. He's a subtle player, but if you watch closely he's very brilliant. He's just not a flashy playmaker type and doesn't rack up a lot of assists so people get frustrated and underrate him a bit in this age of FIFA type stats. But he's still young and he's a truly great talent, and he is the perfect piece for this Chelsea team (unlike Mata :/).
Here's a great video of Oscar from a cup game earlier this season. Pat Nevin does a great job breaking down the plays he makes his overall contribution.
It cannot be avoided at this point:
Prof. Dennis Meadows has said it's too late for sustainable development. He was one of the author's of Limits to Growth in 1972, and the 40 year update shows we're following closely with the model that shows civilization collapsing in the mid 21st century.
Professor Susan Krumdieck researches transition from oil. She's basically concluded that we're fucked, even if we switched to 100% electric cars. We'd basically have to change our entire infrastructure.
Prof. Tim Garrett has said we'd have to build the equiv. of a nuclear plant each day for decades if we hope to avoid the worst of climate change
All of our environmental problems get worse each year: climate change, pollution, overfishing, resource depletion. We are making no progress in the right direction
There are no signs that transition is happening fast enough, and I believe we're likely to see a decline in everything (GDP, population, food production, etc), starting around mid-century.
The Internet Archive not only do they have thousands of free books, music, and movies, but they also have The Wayback Machine.
The Phrase Finder which has the meanings and origins of thousands of English sayings, phrases, idioms and expressions.
The Online Etymology Dictionary where you can find the origins of thousands of words. For example did you know that "ketchup" came from a Chinese word?
This is getting back to the very start of chemical science. The discovery of oxygen by Priestly and the first quantitative experiments on combustion done by Lavoisier.
Then In 1805, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Alexander von Humboldt showed that water is formed of two volumes of hydrogen and one volume of oxygen.
Then Lewis suggested a theory on how electrons form bonds in molecules. Then Molecular Orbital theory gave a better description.
Further there is a list of organic reactions that can be used to qualitatively determine what elements and functional groups are in organic compounds.
There is a chapter in Vogel Practical Organic Chemistry (THE Organic Chem Bible) called Investigation and Characterization of Organic compounds.
If you want to know more read that. But basically if you don't have access to spectroscopy there is a flowchart of qualitative reactions and physical tests that you can do to determine characteristics, elemental content and functional groups.
But NMR, X-ray diffraction and mass spectroscopy are the only ways of characterizing the really big molecules.
>did dictionaries and/or thesauri exist in Shakespeare's time and place?
No. The first English dictionary was <em>A Dictionary of the English Language</em> (aka: Johnson's Dictionary). It was published in April of 1755, 139 years after Shakespeare died. Roget's Thesaurus, completed in 1852, was the first of its kind in English.
>Do we have any idea what his literary inspirations might have been?
Yes. All but one of Shakespeare's plays have some sort of literary or historical precedent. A Midsummer Night's Dream is the only story that is truly unique to Shakespeare. Love's Labour's Lost, The Merry Wives of Windsor, and The Tempest are also possibilities, but their status is in dispute (possible sources that no longer exist). He was great at language, timing, humor, introspection, and empathy. He went elsewhere to find a good plot.
Here are some of Shakespeare's probable sources. This is not intended to be a complete list:
The Bible: There are many instances scattered throughout Shakespeare, but the English History Plays are particularly heavy with scriptural references.
Plutarch: Antony and Cleopatra, Coriolanus, Julius Caesar, Timon of Athens
Ovid: Titus Andronicus
Plautus: The Comedy of Errors
Saxo Grammaticus: Hamlet
Ariosto: Much Ado About Nothing
Raphael Holinshed: King Lear, Macbeth, Cymbeline, all of the English History Plays
Jorge de Montemayor: The Two Gentlemen of Verona
Cinthio: Othello
Giovanni Boccaccio: All's Well That Ends Well
Giovanni Fiorentino: The Merchant of Venice
Chaucer: Troilus and Cressida
Arthur Brooke: Romeo & Juliet
George Whetstone: Measure for Measure
Thomas Lodge: As You Like It
Robert Greene: The Winter's Tale
Hell yeah, MacAddict was great! You can still download the CD contents from the Internet Archive, although you won’t be able to run the programs without a Classic Mac OS emulator.
I know that it's the most common answer, but it really is one of the best versions ever of these songs. Barton Hall '77. These 26 minutes are absolutely perfect and blew my mind the first time I've heard them. The show deserves the reputation it has.
There was an interview or a podcast that I listened to a while back, and naturally I can't seem to find it – but anyway a communist/anarchist (I forget which) guy from North America went down on a field trip to investigate the worker self-management movement in South America (Argentina, I think.) Edit: /u/takepossession found it here and is now my new hero. Congratulations – your cetificate is in the post.
He said that they are very much based in what could be called praxis if you dig the term, or the actual process of making things happen with a direct democratic approach and with respect for dissensus.
The guy was interesting, but so very decandent and unaware of it. I remember he mentioned that when he asked the workers about how they navigate through people identifying with different philosophies of anarchism/communism they just laughed at him for the question being so irrelevant.
I think the TL;DR of is it that doing things is more important than ensuring that everyone is toeing the party line.
You should read this book or watch the documentary Inside Job
The book gets a little boring but it's relatively short and explains everything quite well.
The doc gives a worldly view to the entire crisis.
Enjoy!
Be warned to those who dare go down the roo.
If you see me you should know...
I am the sharktopus. I am the conductor. I am the time lord. I follow only the Aroo. I am the madman. I am the might maker. I am the rooer. I am the path changer. I am the guardian. I am the ghost. I am an orangered. I am a warrior. I am the protector. I am the destroyer. I am a spectator.I am a trapper. I am the pokekai. I am a blackhole sharktopus. I am a boop in a bucket. I am the writer. I am the logger. I am an explorer. I was the Inventory holder. I am the teacher. I am the fooler. Mayhem follows me. I am the spy who takes your stuff but shakes your hand the day after. I am the Ominous one. I was the puzzler in disguise whose puzzles still havnt been broken deep in the roo. You will think you lost me but I will be right behind you. You will believe in me and I shall crush those beliefs. All of those statements are true somewhere down the line... I pitty the fool who has to deal with me this whole roo.
Enjoy
There's an interesting documentary titled "Finding Shakespeare" which is narrated by Lenny Henry. In it he talks to a DJ who runs Shakespeare workshops, and one of the things the DJ does is to take lines from Shakespeare and lines from rap songs and ask people to say which is which. Nobody can get them all right, not even Shakespeare scholars. (That segment starts at 20:59)
"Fair is foul and foul is fair"
"As we engage in battle"
"There's daggers in men's smiles"
"Who inflicted this bitter sickness"
"Hear my soul speak"
"Maybe it's hatred I spew, maybe it's food for the Spirit"
"Sleep is the cousin of death"
The UN also parrots this false statistic about the effects of domestic violence on women: "Among women aged between 15 and 44, acts of violence cause more death and disability than cancer, malaria, traffic accidents and war combined." This, as well as the slightly more believable variant of the statistic that concerns only morbidity, has been convincingly disproved in a BBC radio program that you can listen to here.
This webpage tracks the original source of the claim to a 1994 World Bank report, which shows higher morbidity under the category of "rape and domestic violence" than for any one of the categories "all cancers", "motor vehicle accidents", "war", and "malaria", but not for all of them combined.
Both initial quotes are laughable. Winston Churchill was referring to a war in which they tried to stop a country that invaded its neighbors and ethnically cleansed a minority. Einstein called conservative Zionists terrorists, comparing them directly Nazi's (about whom Churchill was speaking).
Edit: wording
Wiki link in a comment below. Basically they're shortwave stations that broadcast a machine reading numbers. The shortwave means that they can be picked up across the globe, so they're used/were used to communicate with spies in other countries. The spies would have a "one-time pad" that decodes the numbers into instructions.
Here's some recordings of them.
They're definitely real and creepy.
The Conet Project is a collection of recorded number stations. You can listen to the whole four-disc collection here, that is if you don't mind having trouble sleeping tonight.
Edit: Well, they're not outright creepy/scary that they're going to make you stay with a nightlight on in the evening, but there's something a bit unnerving with those misleading cheerful tunes and the cold, monotonous voices reciting numbers over and over again
Hollywood uses a lot of the same techniques against Arabs, some of it may be slicker and more subtle, but other times it's equally oafish and hyperbolic.
It's a good point, but it doesn't mean that the other ones aren't available.
You can see general conference reports extending back to about 1897 on this here site
Many of the General Conference sermons during the pioneer era are available through the Journal of Discourses, available at www.journalofdiscourses.com
And most such info during Joseph Smith's time can be found in the Joseph Smith Papers: http://josephsmithpapers.org/the-papers
My favorite example of an evolutionary algorithm is the Evolved Virtual Creatures video that goes along with Karl Sim's 1994 paper. I get goose bumps seeing how much some of those virtual creatures resemble real animals.
My boss let me borrow the copy of Turkish Star Wars I got him for Christmas and I had no idea what was going on. The description on the box when I got it was "It's like being drunk without drinking a drop."
Full video of the toon here, and also my other favourite Opera themed Bugs Bunny/Elmer Fudd cartoon - What's Opera, Doc?
Edit: the link to the Rabbit of Seville may not work for mobile users, so here is a mirrored link that should work.
Also, why would they need new ones, these cartoons still exist. Some channels still play them, though I must admit it saddens me that some of them have been censored.
Snapdragon was included in the American Girls Handy Book originally published in 1887 as a Halloween game called "The Ghostly Fire" (pg 197)
"The Ghostly Fire should not be lit unless all of the party have strong nerves, for the light it produces is rather unearthly, and may affect some members unpleasantly. We, at our Halloween parties, never omitted this rite, however, its very weirdness proving its strongest attraction. Salt and alcohol were put in a dish, with a few raisins, and set on fire. As soon as the flame leaped up we clasped hands and gayly danced around the table, upon which burned our mystic fire. The laughing eyes and lips looked in strange contrast to the pale faces of their owners, from which the greenish light had taken every vestige of color. The dance was not prolonged, for it was our duty, before the fire was spent, to snatch from the flames the raisins we had put in the dish. This can be done, if one is careful, without as much as scorching the fingers, and I never knew of anyone burning themselves while making the attempt. "
Sure, no problem. If you follow this link to the Internet Archive, you will find all three of my books are available for free in multiple formats.
Oh, and thank you very much for the "gold."
In addition to the CIA protection, the DoD was running a data mining operation called ABLE DANGER which ID’d at least 4 of the hijackers in 2000...but the DoD forbid the release of info to the FBI...
cbs/cnn evening news report on ABLE DANGER August 9, 2005 (11 minutes): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ME0iKZdoYXs
btw: I did just find an archived version of the Looming Tower
The government has had policy going back decades that treats right-wing terrorists with the kid gloves. I read about this in the Congressional investigation of the COINTELPRO program which targeted both right and left-wing terrorist groups.
>"The White Hate COINTELPRO also used comparatively few techniques which carried a risk of serious physical, emotional, or economic damage to the targets, while the Black Nationalist COINTELPRO used such techniques extensively. The New Left COINTELPRO, on the other hand, had the highest proportion of proporals aimed at preventing the exercise of free speech. Like the progression in targeting, the use of dangerous, degrading, or blatantly unconstitutional techniques also appears to have become less restrained with each subsequent program."
>"The programs also differ to some extent. The White Hate program, for example, was very precisely targeted; each of the other programs spread to a number of groups that do not appear to fall within any clear parameters."
>"The White Hate COINTELPRO appears to have been limited, with few exceptions, to the original named targets (26 white hate groups including the KKK and American Nazi Party). No "legitimate" right-wing organizations were drawn into the program, in contrast with the earlier spread of the CPUSA (Communist Party) and SWP (Socialist Workers Party) programs to non-members."
Pretty good text. I read a good chunk of it when I was researching my Thomas Jefferson ale.
Some interesting bits for me were that they would sparge up to four times, but they didn't call it that and the first runnings would be boiled for up to 3 hours.
Also, they believed that hops would be wasted if they were not boiled for at least an hour.
Also, this is the 1804 printing. There is an older one on archive.org that was scanned from the new York public library and the library checkout stamp on the front cover has John Adams handwritten name from when he checked it out, which I think is really cool. I'll see if I can find it.
Edit: I was slightly mistaken. The John Adams copy is from the Boston Public library and it was actually a copy he owned. His name is signed on the title page: https://archive.org/stream/theorypracticeof00comb#page/n5/mode/2up
Here's a Goggle search of the shadows.
Also, this is a book by John Hersey called, 'Hiroshima'. It's about 6 survivors and what they saw. Well worth a read.
It's a situation virtually right out of Cory Doctorow's "Futuristic Tales of the Here and Now" comic. Which, if you've not read yet, is virtually required cyberpunk reading (and, it's licensing allows you to do so freely).
Also, read "Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom". Again, Cory allows it to be read freely.
True Sufism is adherence to the Qur'an and the Sunnah (Prophetic tradition), not playing music, dancing, and singing, as Sufism is often portrayed in the media. The ultimate aim of the Sufi is to achieve the state of ihsan - that you worship God as if you see Him.
Shaykh Ahmad as-Sirhindi wrote that Sufism comes only after learning the correct beliefs, the laws of Islam, what is halal and haram, etc. It is not a separate path.
For more on the topic, see <em>The Inseparability Of Sharia & Tariqa</em> by Shaykh Muhammad Zakariyah
While Congress recognized Haiti's (and Liberia's) independence in February 1862 , Lincoln had proposed the change in policy in December 1861 well before French intentions in Mexico were clear. The diplomatic recognition of Haiti was a long standing American abolitionist goal after French recognized Haiti's independence in 1825. The change in policy also predated the conception and execution of the failed scheme for voluntary emigration of blacks to Île-à-Vache (a Haitian island).
Sources: James Oakes Freedom National: The Destruction of Slavery in the United States, 1861-1865 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_intervention_in_Mexico#1862:_Arrival_of_the_French The Struggle for the Recognition of Haiti and Liberia as Independent Republics https://archive.org/stream/jstor-2713395/2713395_djvu.txt
>You asked for more digital purchasing options and we’re answering. Starting this month, we’re giving you more ways than ever to get the content you want most on Xbox 360 and Xbox One. I’m excited to share that soon you will be able to purchase digital download codes for select games and add-ons at participating retailers in the U.S. and UK. This is an additional option to the gift cards already available at retail. Of course, you will still be able to purchase game add-ons and digital games from anywhere via Xbox.com or on your console via the Xbox Games Store. Max Xbox One Card
>We’re kicking this off with digital download codes for select map and expansion packs for franchises like Halo and Forza, as well as fan favorite digital games including Max: Curse of Brotherhood and State of Decay. We look forward to adding more digital codes in the future from other publishers and in more countries in the coming months.
>After you purchase the code at a participating retailer, it’s easy to redeem the code on your Xbox One or Xbox 360 console or via Xbox.com. For step-by-step instructions on redeeming a prepaid code, visit Xbox Support.
BTW you could always use https://archive.org/. Viewing blocked pages is not its primary purpose but it works, plus you're doing some good by saving those pages for posterity...
It's based on H.P. Lovercraft's story <em>The Dunwich Horror</em>, as Felix Mordou points out.
The copyright on the work has expired, so you can feast your eyes on the works of Mr Lovecraft to your horror's content.
I thought this was a joke about it being a B movie since I didn't remember it being an episode at first. I'll definitely have to rewatch this one later.
Just a heads up that the MST3K episode is from their late 80s UHF KTMA days so its a bit rough on audio and video quality, plus they're still relatively amateur at the whole riffing thing. Here's a best of cut on Youtube but it looks like the full episode was taken down. You can DL or stream it on archive.org though. If you're new to the show or interested in becoming a mstie, come join us at /r/MST3K!
Pffff, if you want a REAL library of games, you would download the entire Internet Archive DOS game archive, 6 volumes totalling a whopping 345 gigabytes for just about every DOS game that was ever made.
I've been listening a lot to 1971-08-06 lately which has an amazing Hard to Handle. The show is on fire, one of my favorites.
Antisemitism was a European tradition which Hitler grew up with. He started reading racists fantasy magazines like "Ostara" well before the war.
(You can find examples of Ostara here: https://archive.org/details/UnknownOstara152ndSeries - but save the bandwidth unless you can read German in Fractur.)
Edit: with "before the war" above there, I meant WWI. So before Germany lost WWI, before his failed attempt to overthrow the government of Bavaria, before his prison term as a result of that attempt, and thus before he found time to read Ford in prison.
Numbers stations on shortwave radio frequencies were/are used by spies and government agencies to communicate.
Their actual purpose is still under speculation, but they are incredibly interesting. For more information, you can get a great collection of them and a pdf with a ton of information for free from The Conet Project on archive.org
And apparently you're unaware that laws restricting gun ownership in Germany were introduced in 1928, five years before Hitler came to power:
>Gun registration and licensing (for long guns as well as for handguns) were legislated by an anti-National Socialist government in Germany in 1928, five years before the National Socialists gained power. Hitler became Chancellor on January 30, 1933. Five years later his government got around to rewriting the gun law enacted a decade earlier by his predecessors, substantially ameliorating it in the process (for example, long guns were exempted from the requirement for a purchase permit; the legal age for gun ownership was lowered from 20 to 18 years; the period of validity of a permit to carry weapons was extended from one to three years; and provisions restricting the amount of ammunition or the number of firearms an individual could own were dropped). Hitler's government may be criticized for leaving certain restrictions and licensing requirements in the law, but the National Socialists had no intention of preventing law-abiding Germans from keeping or bearing arms. Again, the firearms law enacted by Hitler's government enhanced the rights of Germans to keep and bear arms; no new restrictions were added, and many pre-existing restrictions were relaxed or eliminated.
She was motivated by class prejudice more than anything. She called for people to be required to have a license to breed. And you'd have to prove your financial worth. This would have excluded poor whites but also blacks. So she absolutely was prejudiced against blacks, but because they were poor. She also called for developing countries to stop breeding entirely. She didn't have much respect for anyone who wasn't a middle-class atheist liberal basically. Pretty much everyone else she wanted to stop breeding - she didn't like religious people, she didn't like poor people, she didn't like foreign people, she only liked rich white people.
And she was not opposed to killing babies/abortion per se, in fact she writes approvingly about historical cultures that practised infanticide, it was more that she felt that birth control was a better way of doing things, because abortions could go wrong, and you could end up with 'defective' babies being born. She saw abortion as compromising racial purity.
Some of her writings:
https://archive.org/details/womannewrace00sang neatly published by the Eugenics Publishing Company, in which she details her plans for the 'new American race' and complains about the 'slums of Europe' 'dumping' their 'inferior' populations from 'Spain, Italy, Hungary, Austria, Russia, Finland' on the US, 'coming in hordes' and 'bringing their ignorance of hygiene' and 'handicapped by religious superstition'. She complains that these new immigrants would make the US population inferior to what it was, "what hope is there for racial progress in this human material", that they were illiterate, and having too many kids, and that action needed to be taken given that these foreigners were having the majority of kids in several states. She lists statistics on the numbers of foreigners and then goes onto say that 'the census of 1920 will tell of a greater and more serious problem than the last'.
TL;DR - the woman was Nazi as fuck.
I got a newfangled zip drive for downloading pr0n on the school's 13MBps Frame Relay. So much faster than downloading spank material over dial up.
I read old 90s BYTE / PC Mag on google books & archive.org. Seeing the pundits talk out of their asses is hilarious to look back on.
So instead of the Cloud it was all, Expert Systems with Neural Networks and shit. Fucking comical.
https://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3Abyte-magazine&sort=-publicdate
Asked where he came from, he said, "I am a citizen of the world."
Diogenes Laërtius, vi. 63 (Quoting Diogenes "the Cynic")
Original: >ἐρωτηθεὶς πόθεν εἴη, "κοσμοπολίτης" ἔφη
ἐρωτηθεὶς πόθεν εἴη = Asked where he came from | "κοσμοπολίτης" ἔφη = "world-citizen" [cosmos+politēs] he said
I looked for her autobiog because I'm a huge war memoir buff and you can read it online for free or even listen to it thanks to LibriVox!
Women in combat roles is something that I and the public at large know so little about. It is such an interesting topic and the on-going Wars on Terror have made it an even more important topic, at least in the United States.
Harrison Bergernon!!! That's one of my absolute favorite short stories (besides a bunch of HP). I read it in middle school (6th grade?) and it blew my mind. That got me into Vonnegut.
For anyone that wants to know more about these assholes..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_for_the_New_American_Century
Also do some research on Leo Strauss
Then watch this.
https://archive.org/details/ThePowerOfNightmares-Episode1BabyItsColdOutside
I'm dying here:
> "The Protocols of Learned Elders of Zion" fit what is happening in the world right now. How is that possible they were written over one hundred years ago if they were a fake or forgery? https://archive.org/details/TheProtocolsOfTheLearnedEldersOfZion[1]
Nobody can be legitimately this dumb, right? Right?
Hello, the nice people at the Internet Archive have scanned a ton of those magazines, all free to view. Good luck in your search for the ad!
I'm not gonna lie, I pored through about 4 pages of that search, and while I found literally no evidence whatsoever that IPCC is corrupt in the way you mean it, I did find an interesting analysis that claims an IPCC report actually reduced it's language to sound less alarming, by comparing the draft to the final product.
IPCC literally suppressed it's own words in regards to the acceleration of climate change and redacted data about climate feedback, one of the most important aspects of climate science.
William Pepper represented the King family in that case, he has many juicy details to tell:
https://archive.org/details/William.Pepper.An.Act.of.State.The.Execution.of.MLK
http://www.amazon.com/An-Act-State-Execution-Martin/dp/1859846955
>Of course, the fragments do not have to be as old as Abraham for the book of Abraham and its illustrations to be authentic. Ancient records are often transmitted as copies or as copies of copies. The record of Abraham could have been edited or redacted by later writers much as the Book of Mormon prophet-historians Mormon and Moroni revised the writings of earlier peoples.
>"That is the handwriting of Abraham, the Father of the Faithful", said the prophet. "This is the autograph of Moses, and these lines were written by his brother Aaron."
And this:
>"He then took us down into his mother's chamber [in the Mansion House] and showed us four Egyptian mummies stripped and then undertook to explain the contents of a chart of manuscript which he said had been taken from the bosom of one of them. The cool impudence of this imposture amused me very much. 'This,' said he, 'was written by the hand of Abraham and means so and so. If anyone denies it, let him prove the contrary. I say it.' Of course we were too polite to prove the negative, against a man fortified by revelation." (Diary of Charles Adams, May 15, 1844, in Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society vol. LXVII, 1952 p. 285)
Glad to see the church disagreeing with their beloved prophet. It's about time.
It all happened very quickly. The South Tower collapsed, 56 minutes after being struck and The North Tower collapsed after 102 minutes. There just wasn't time to plan and organize rescue effort.
If you want to get a picture how confusing it was, just watch this: https://archive.org/details/cnn200109110848-0929
The National Archives has a decent collection: https://www.youtube.com/user/usnationalarchives
And Universal Newsreels: https://www.youtube.com/user/UniversalNewsreels
And it's not on YouTube but the Prelinger Archives has a ton of random weird things: https://archive.org/details/prelinger
Please, anyone, help me with this one! Here is a book in which appears an expression for pi attributed to Euler. The infinite sum is as follows:
pi = 1⁄1 + 1⁄2 + 1⁄3 + 1⁄4 - 1⁄5 + 1⁄6 + 1⁄7 + 1⁄8 + 1⁄9 - 1⁄10 + 1⁄11 + 1⁄12 - 1⁄13 + …
The first two terms get positive signs. For every other term, the sign is defined as follows: if the denominator is a prime of the form 4m - 1, the term is positive; if the denominator is a prime of the form 4m + 1, the term is negative; for composite numbers, the sign of the term equals the product of the signs of its factors.
I've done some searching and the book above is the only place I can find it mentioned. What I want to know is - how did Euler derive this formula, and is there somewhere I can find or can anyone give a proof of its correctness?
It seems to be generally agreed on archive.org that this show is the one where they took a "heroic dose" from a bottle of apple juice before taking the stage. Phil has a great description of it in his book, but he doesn't say for sure what date it was.