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Marine biologist here (well, sort of. I also study terrestrial species but mostly work on whales and sea turtles these days). The "legs" are actually a unusual feature of belugas called ventrolateral abdominal fat pads, two long ridges of firm blubber that can be tensed and raised slightly by the abdominal muscles so that they stick out a little from the rest of the body. Belugas tense and raise them during rolls and when swimming upsidedown. Belugas have no dorsal fins and so it seems they are using these fat ridges as temporary stabilizer fins, deploying them only when needed. (It's thought that they may have lost the dorsal fins so that they could surface to breathe in tiny holes in pack ice without a dorsal fin getting in the way - this may also be the reason that they have an unusually flexible neck.) Their cousins the narwhals, another pack-ice whale with no dorsal fin, also have these fat pads, though the ridges are not as large and obvious as in belugas.
Here is the research article describing the fat pads and proposing their function as stabilizer fins.
edit: So the link has parentheses in it and I can't remember how to tell reddit to ignore the parentheses. Google "belugas fat pads ResearchGate" to find the free full-text version.
edit 2: TIL about putting \ before a parenthesis. Thanks guys
Women are more attracted to men with partners, especially when those partners are attractive women. So they think men are the same, but men are actually the opposite.
Please read the studies below before you down-vote me. :)
Yeah, but it's not really 'society' that considers this. The difference in age preferences between men and women is almost certainly largely genetic. Men prefer younger women in societies around the world, and women prefer older men in societies around the world. There's lots of research on this.
Crazy that the ancient ocean hypothesis was (basically) confirmed by evidence of something so dramatic. The lead author is so restrained in this interview:
"Then, of course, there is the fact that the discovery of tsunami deposits represents definite evidence for the existence of the early Mars ocean."
Oh, by the way, we figured that whole giant mystery out. I'd have had a harder time containing myself.
This isn't something that either person in the relationship has control over, but the death of a child greatly increases chances of divorce.
Edit: "The analysis reported here, the largest study of bereavement and marital dissolution to date, shows a pattern of higher divorce rates among bereaved parents. This conclusion holds across family sizes, with the strongest effects observed at lower parities."
Hi! Cats are actually a huge issue for conservation biologists and ecology (especially urban) in general. I'm not talking a tiny problem either where it's fine if only a few people do it. Here's a great overview by the mammal society about the effects of domestic predation by felines. And here's a lovely population modeling survey of the non direct predation effects of felines on avian urban populations! Urban areas, by the way, harbor about 20% of all avian species!
And the issue isn't even that mass cats cause huge conservation problems. The often cited example for this is Tibbles the lighthouse cat. Tibbles was brought to Stephans Island, a small island off the coast of New Zealand, by his owner, the lighthouse keeper, in 1894. Tibbles proceeded to single handily drive the Stephans Island Wren to extinction about a year after his arrival. The problem is that cats are not often subsistence predators, and house cats or pets are even less so. The problem is so large that a famous conservationist, John Wamsley, wears the pelt of a feral cat to ceremonies he's invited to as a way to send a message.
I'm not saying that your cat doesn't need to go outside. Or that he's not happy outside or that it's not fair to keep him cooped up. But it's always important to consider what effects unleashing a predator on an unsuspecting ecological system may have.
And here's the open access copy.
I'm gonna need sources. Not news articles mind you, but academic papers.
These sources don't support your claim.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ab.1010/abstract
http://search.proquest.com/openview/743ae1160ec0f734ce878e1cd648bc93/1?pq-origsite=gscholar
This is not my area of research at all, but I have been interested in this same type of question for some time. The following is a theoretical model for the mechanism: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/8004036_fig2_Figure-9-Theoretical-model-of-the-expected-mechanisms-of-massage-on-the-severity-of
This comes from the paper called "The mechanisms of massage and effects on performance, muscle recovery, and injury prevention. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15730338.
I would also advise looking in to muscle spindles. The lengthening of muscle spindles, cause neuronal responses which allow for the relaxation of the spindle, and subsequently the muscles put under tension by that shortened muscle spindle. This is essentially why stretching also feels good. Again, not my area of research, but my physical therapist pointed me in this direction. Wikipedia has some excellent information and so does nih. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_spindle
It's a rather robust finding in psychology that on average, men are better than women at mental rotation and other visuospatial tasks. It's not entirely unreasonable that this could lead to differences in average parking skills. Here's a paper that looked at parking skill in particular and found men were more accurate and faster. But, small sample, only about 30 participants of each sex, and I don't know if they've adjusted for experience beyond a splitting into beginner and experienced drivers (men drive much more).
In addition certain cultures traditionally had a much less varied diet than what OP refers to. See inuit diet, which is rich in vitamin C just from eating the right types of meat and some berries: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Harriet_Kuhnlein/publication/223937783_Vitamin_C_in_Inuit_Traditional_Food_and_Women's_Diets/links/0f31753af15f9e30ab000000.pdf
I'm going to disagree about having preferences in partner appearance (which I'm assuming is code for racial characteristics) not being racist.
People are attracted to the familiar and the societal norm (in the US, typically white actors or celebrities). Here's an interesting article by a matchmaker on racial attraction trends she's seen among her clients: http://www.theestablishment.co/2015/10/30/online-dating-racism-matchmaking/
A 2015 study of MSM in Australia found that people with strong preferences for or against dating certain races are, in fact, usually racist. Not always. But frequently enough to be a cause for concern even among other populations. Here's the study if you care to read it: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Martin_Holt3/publication/279863184_Is_Sexual_Racism_Really_Racism_Distinguishing_Attitudes_Toward_Sexual_Racism_and_Generic_Racism_Among_Gay_and_Bisexual_Men/links/567f8a2508ae051f9ae67883.pdf?inViewer=0&pd...
(Sorry about the links--on mobile)
Except that this could create an imbalance between Hg and Se, which have a mutal detoxification effect. Unless they have a method to remove Se as well, I wouldn't think they should go forward with this. Source: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Robert_Furness/publication/21286776_Mercury_and_selenium_interaction_a_review/links/0046351d5413586e48000000.pdf
This particular report does not go in-depth about civil conflict, although it does touch on the mental health consequences of forced migration and civil conflict. Here is a paper that does look at climate change and conflict: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jon_Barnett/publication/222550602_Climate_change_human_security_and_violent_conflict/links/00b7d529ed08e7edbd000000.pdf
Bears are from the ursidae family while racoons are in the procyonidae family, with ursidae being closer to canidae. However, all of them are in the order carnivora so in that sense they are closely related!
People used to think the racoon and bear families were very close, but newer genetic research suggests this isn't true. Check out this phylogeny to get a clearer perspective.
Here's a study from two years ago which shows that 55% of men seeking help for violent partners had received false accusations about physical or sexual abuse from their abusers. It's basically a go-to tactic for abusive women.
Yeah I saw that video of the body left in the tub with the water running. Skin shouldn't just float like that.
Edit: one link for electrocution in bathtub, pics of hands/feet/genitalia (male). Obviously, NSFW/NSFL.
Still looking for the link to the other one. I think it was the same situation, suicide in bathtub with warm or hot water running. Skin was floating in the water, had peeled off of the body. Lovely stuff. (Blech)
/u/Cannytomtom provided a source! /r/nsfd. Direct imgur link: http://m.imgur.com/PyuvU?r
Again, nsfl, nsfw, and apparently nsfd.
Now imagine trying to clean that out of upholstery.
TWICE's Mina's father does some seriously impressive research.
Jessica played in her high school soccer team.
SNSD's Yoona's mother seems to be absent in her life. She's never actually talked about it, but in a TV show clip about her family, her mother isn't present, and she's never mentioned having a mother, only a father and a sister. (For example, in speeches, she thanks her sister and her dad but doesn't mention a mom, and when she was asked who she had on speed dial on Yoo Heeyeol's Sketchbook, she said #1 is her dad, #2 is her sister, and then there's no one else.) Knowing that, this fancam is hearbreaking.
No, we don't have a pattern of insect size increasing as oxygen levels increase.
The giant "dragonflies" look like dragonflies, but they are members of the order Meganisoptera, which is different from modern dragonflies.
Meganisopterans lived in the Carboniferous and Permian. They show up around the time that oxygen levels peak and are still present in the fossil record as the rock record indicates oxygen levels are dropping. There are large specimens dated to the Late Permian, which some sources of data indicate had the lowest atmospheric oxygen levels of the last 500 million years.
So right now the evidence indicates that they were supported just fine in atmospheres similar to or lower in oxygen than ours.
Also, where meganisopterans occur alongside members of the same order as modern dragonflies, the dragonflies are not gigantic. Meganisopterans go extinct at the end of the Permian in a huge mass extinction, after which dragonflies increase in size (but don't become gigantic) even though oxygen levels are low. And dragonflies don't get huge when oxygen levels increase again in the Jurassic. To be able to say there's a pattern you'd have to track insect size changing as atmospheric oxygen levels changed, and that's not the case.
Here is a figure showing the January and September events plotted on top of one another. You can really see the similarity in the waveforms this way.
Standing rock says police were using stinger grenades, that split unlike steel vented flashbangs. Fragmentation shown on page 20. They use 8 grams of high explosive, which has the energy of several rifle bullets. You can see from the shape it would put out a flat shock wave near the core to propel the balls outward. If it's within a few inches, it would cut flesh away from bone, flesh is softer than the hard rubber shell. So if the fragments they recovered are rubber, that's what it would point to.
The popular understanding has shifted from "right creative, left analytical" to "no hemispheric difference whatsoever" but neither one of these is fully accurate. We're like a pendulum swinging side to side, continually passing over the middle.
There is a difference between the two hemispheres. But it is not as pronounced as we once thought it was. The left hemisphere specializes in precision, in the syntax of language, its neurons have smaller receptive fields that help you hone in on the best words and the most likely interpretation of those words. The right hemisphere specializes in diffuse thought, the overall understanding of the meaning of a sentence, its neurons have larger receptive fields that help you consider less likely outcomes. Both hemispheres work in concert in your thoughts and speech.
The strongest evidence in favor of hemispheric difference is this: in "eureka" moments of insight problem solving, brain activity shows a tide of alpha waves in the visual cortex followed by a crashing tsunami in the RIGHT insular cortex. Here is a review of insight problem solving, it is a 39-page article that says the word "right" 300 times and "left" only 61 times.
Here is an over lay of the two tests this year. It's a huge indicator that this is nuclear based.
The depth and location are also two of the biggest initial indicators. I imagine later the movement of local military units and such (as viewed by drone/satellite) will also give us insight. As well as diplomatic channels from the country itself.
That's really interesting about the D and L glucose structures. If I'm reading this abstract correctly, the L glucose can be synthesized cheaply using a specific technique.
I'm a geologist/paleontologist not an historian, but I think I have something relevant to share.
Where I live the local native people, the Mi'kmaq, have a legend of their god, Glooscap, getting angry at a beaver for making a giant dam. Glooscap smashed the dam, and the Bay of Fundy flooded in.
Spicer, Stanley T. (1991) Glooscap Legends. Hantsport, Nova Scotia: Lancelot Press.
This is just one of the many legends around here, but quite interestingly recent geophysical data, spurred by ongoing interest to harness the bay's tidal energy, has unearthed (hehe) several distinct glacial formations in the bay (long flooded over), including a rather large terminal moraine. That's a big pile of gravel and clay pushed by a glacier, and they can dam things up quite well.
It would have been present long after the Laurentide glacier retreated and the Mi'kmaq likely would have noticed it (they have some deliciously detailed stories that tie into geological phenomena!). It may have broken as sea level rose, and, if so, that would have been a spectacular flooding event.
One of the reasons being is that they're remarkably resistant to cancer! Magnificent creatures indeed.
As a whale scientist, I'd suggest peeps take the widely quoted figure of 211 years old with a fistful of salt though. That particular estimated age was an outlier within the data produced from this analysis, and the individual whale's estimated age was not corroborated with other lines of evidence (using their eye globes etc.) as with other individuals from the same study.
Other evidence, including indirect estimates from old harpoons still lodged in bowheads, place maximum lifespan somewhere around the 140-160 mark.
Still pretty cool though!
Yeah, the wall of references reeks of "Google dump". Which sucks because (a) it seems almost certain that /u/Pejorativez hasn't read them all; and (b) even if he/she has, the goal of an "actually, that's not true" post should be to bring out a few important and convincing references and explain their relevance, not to bury the reader under an avalanche of resources that nobody is going to read.
Edit: Yeah, first random link I clicked on has no discernible connection to nutrition timing.
It's not really delayed, it just happens irregularly. Here's a graph showing the past reversals. Black is like today, white is flipped. Notice the flips take place at irregular intervals.
>Keith T, 2004, effectiveness of homework in school and out of school
Here's the direct link for those of us who like to fact check: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232521228_Longitudinal_Effects_of_In-School_and_Out-of-School_Homework_on_High_School_Grades
I love that the dude arguing that " Research has shown that homework at home isn't effective." provides this link to back himself up, and his own source contradicts what he says.
[From page 205] "the present findings strongly support out-of-school homework as the more effec- tive activity for learning. Out-of-school homework had strong effects on stu- dents’ GPAs, and smaller (but still important) effects on achievement test scores. Thus, high school students will likely experience greater learning benefits from completing homework at home"
Guess he needed more reading comprehension homework.
How is Common Core to blame? Here's the 1st grade Common Core guideline for how to teach equality, for instance: "Understand the meaning of the equal sign, and determine if equations involving addition and subtraction are true or false. For example, which of the following equations are true and which are false? 6 = 6, 7 = 8 – 1, 5 + 2 = 2 + 5, 4 + 1 = 5 + 2." (source, p. 15)
Nowhere in the standards does Common Core even insinuate that the equals sign means "all together." Some of the people who wrote the standards are in fact experts on this fallacy. (source, p. 20)
You blow up one hospital it might be an accident. You blow up 100 hospitals and it starts looking suspicious. After <strong>360</strong> I think its safe to assume you're doing it on purpose
Medical research.
Like other people have pointed out, things like stroke and ADD cause different symptoms in women.
But even more basically, the research done in animal models is almost always conducted on males. My experience is with mice, where it is routinely said that the hormones of female mice will skew a study and results. Well... no. They'll show the results of a female system.
As a result, everything from medical issues and diseases to how medications and even things like alcohol effect women are less understood and therefore problems are much more likely to go unnoticed.
Sexism in mouse research ; Where are the female mice in drug testing?
Here's something. It says the energy requirements are only 7-45% less depending on the type of meat, but land use, emissions, and water use are all 90+% lower.
MechE w/ structural analysis background here. I've done my fair share of research on this topic and can shed some light on how tricky/cool/daunting the mfg. process is for some COPV's.
What you really want out of your COPV mfg process is to yield the metallic liner into the overwrap (imagine i put on a corset and then get really fat). This is typically done through what's called an autofrettage process - good link here. Once the linear and the overwrap have made sound contact, your load transfer to the strong overwrap should be quite efficient.
Problem is, there are all sorts of issues that can come up when you're trying to get good liner contact. These can range from non-uniform yielding/displacement throughout the liner to unexpected "sticking" points near the hemispherical end caps. The latter example can lead to a very insidious failure: liner buckling; here's a nice paper on the topic.
Even laying down your overwrap is not necessarily straightforward when you're dealing w/ a new COPV design. Small errors in your filament winder settings can lead to drastically different mechanical properties than expected; and getting your machine settings down to pat is also usually an iterative process which requires quite experienced technician oversight.
Edit: Links
Well, as he was carrying a dive computer, we actually know what happened.
He was a Czech citizen (and they have a long history of dying in Croatia :D). Also, he was a cook, not a diver. Here you can see the profile of the cave and the history of his dive computer: Link
He went in and went straight down to the bottom (that's the only way he could travel 50 meters (as you can see his descend on the right pic), and that's exactly how deep the bottom is). Then he immediately went back up - but never to the exit. He probably got lost when entering shallower gallery (which has an entrance similar to cave's exit - it's called false exit on the pic and people who know cave well say that it looks like real exit), instead of going out. The fine silt that got disturbed as he went aroung reduced visibility almost to zero, which got him confused and finally trapped. You can see on the pic that he never again went below 35 meters which is exactly the depth of the shallower cave. He just went in circles there
He stabbed himself before completely running out of oxygen and died in two minutes. Also one of the police officers who went to collect his body drowned, presumably got lost and confused with false exit too. Two more people recently died there.
They state it's the first known and documented case - they searched MEDLINE files and got no hits on "suicide diving".
EDIT: Here's a whole case report, you can read all the details about how they excluded the homicide: http://neuron.mefst.hr/docs/CMJ/issues/2003/44/3/12808733.pdf
EDIT2: downvoters, please do explain!
From an energy perspective, I find it difficult to comprehend how we are going to come up with something more efficient than the self-replicating, self-sustaining meat producing units that are livestock.
EDIT: Did some quick research into the subject, and found this for those who are interested:
In short yes there is evidence of this. It is a long held observation that those whose parents divorced were more likely to get divorced themselves (source). However there is an ongoing debate about the extent to which this trend is weakening (source). The basic idea is that the nature of divorce is changing within society and therefore the way it is 'transmitted' between generations is becoming softened.
There is a lot of research on the intergenerational effects of divorce. The effects of children later in life are quite complex and changing as the nature of divorce itself changes.
Not that I know about. The Inuit, for example, have to eat some pretty interesting things in order to get enough vitamin C to survive. I always cringe a bit when I see those pop culture blog diets that suggest their plan is great because of something they read about Inuit diets. Traditionally, to get enough vitamin C Inuit had to eat raw sea mammal organs like seal livers. Raw has much higher levels of vitamin C than cooked.
Personally, I'd much rather eat an orange.
Interestingly, Hujoel, Cunha-Cruz, Banting, & Loesche (2006) tested this using a sample of 800 children performed over 2 years. Results showed that while self-performed flossing resulted in no reduction in the risk for cavities (dental caries), professional flossing performed 5 times a week reduced cavity risk by 40%. These results suggest poor flossing technique is likely to blame, rather than the ineffectiveness of flossing itself. For a video on proper flossing technique, click here.
Additionally, as others have stated the primary benefits of flossing are for gum health, rather than plaque prevention. For instance, Sambunjak et al. (2011) reported that flossing results in moderate to large reductions in the risk of periodontal gum disease (d = 0.72 at 6 months).
Not even their bodies are designed for their bodies. Once you reach the at-risk-of-breaking-furniture level, your skeleton is totally out of whack, the force on your joints is out of control, and your stabilizing muscles are out of their league. So yeah, a certain level of clumsiness can result and yeah, it is "tied back into fatness."
That's super awesome that you figured out the cause of your breakouts. Just a quick note: 91% alcohol is actually too high of a concentration to fully sterilize your brushes and makeup :( it actually evaporates too fast to kill all the bacteria! 70% is definitely better if sterilization is what you're going for :) here's a research gate article explaining it!
Earlier in this thread, someone raised the question of why psychology would even bother confirming "common sense". The parent comment is a shining example.
There has been conflicting evidence about whether or not narcissists actually have low self esteem or whether the self esteem and narcissism constructs are even related. One qualification is that I am not referring to narcissism as personality disorder but as continuous personality trait, so I am talking about the same thing the parent comment is.
Edit: and here's a link for all the narcissism cirlejerkers who won't believe me (not implying that the parent comment is one, too)
Hey, I might be batting way off-target, but this might be a rewarding read?
The Search for Sexual Intimacy for Men with Cerebral Palsy, Russell P. Shuttleworth, Ph.D.
While it focuses on the issue from a masculine perspective, it may have useful parallels.
According to this study, Sex differences in effective fronto-limbic connectivity during negative emotion processing, women are supposedly more sensitive to negative emotions. Full paper is on researchgate.net.
There is no broad reaching scientific study or meta-analysis that confirms this idea, at least from a cursory search. It's a patchwork of research. It is a widely held notion in society that women are more sensitive and emotional, and such studies are potentially subject to research bias, in which the researcher may engage in confirmation bias in selecting their results. In addition, it is a plausible, although debatable, theory that women are just conditioned to be more sensitive through the far-reaching effects of societal norms.
Attempt to fix your broken link
Oh hey, it worked! It broke because the link contained parentheses. You can use a backslash to escape them like so:
It's support material. Objet printers (and this looks like a Connex model) encase the entire part in a convex shell of support material, including a very thin shell on the top.
Source: have cleaned absurd numbers of objet prints.
Edit: here's an example. It looks like the base material is Vero Gray or Vero Blue. The off-white shell is support material.
Yup! Though every pinworm species specialises on infecting a particular host, rarely jumping the species gap - the only evidence we have, for example, of the human pinworm infecting another animal is from finding egg cases in Bonnet macaque guts; the monkeys live, of course, very close to humans in Southern India, living off our waste etc.
Frog parasites are no threat to us. Could rub yo' face in it and be fine.
^(Famous last words... ?)
The popular press frequently suggests people with African ancestry are genetically better at running. The scientific consensus seems to be nah, they aren't.
It's easy to think whoever's best at something right now is fixed and eternal. A few decades back it would've looked like Finns were inherently better runners than everyone else.
with domestic violence its a 70/30 split. 70 percent of the time the male is the victim. He just doesnt get any coverage or support.
a quick search dredged up this little gem of higher education.
a quick taste of the relevant SJW insanity within:
>In several different classrooms, students of color vocalized experiences and arguments that seemed developed in response to what our White students were saying, even though these particular students had not yet been brought into conversation. Indeed, before the breach and the actual dialogue, these student voices were communal and dialectic.
Looking at global moth distribution seems to give a pattern similar to this
Cold climates such as Siberia or Greenland seem to have the lowest numbers of moths.
Scholey, Andrew, et al. "Chewing gum alleviates negative mood and reduces cortisol during acute laboratory psychological stress." Physiology & behavior 97.3 (2009): 304-312. pdf
Smith, Andrew. "Effects of chewing gum on cognitive function, mood and physiology in stressed and non-stressed volunteers." Nutritional neuroscience 13.1 (2010): 7-16. pdf
Yeah, men are always terrorists
>Their motives are viewed as personal, and thus their personal lives are intensely investigated after an attack. The goal of that investigation isn’t to understand the woman – at least in the sense that we wish to understand her male counterpart. The goal is, instead, to find reasons to explain away that woman’s violence. This effort is undertaken to make her less of an existential and normative threat. It allows security personnel to ignore the wider security implications of militant women and it allows the targeted society to dismiss the woman as aberrant and not a “real” threat. Unfortunately, the factors that allow women to be successful terrorists are usually not addressed.
This is absolutely true. According to a PHR researcher, one of the (local, not MSF) doctors working in Aleppo was training in pediatric surgery in Germany and went back because he was more needed there.
Right, I will never defend gold in skincare, since I find it totally gimmicky.
But, if I'm not mistaken (and I might be) they're referring to gold nanoparticles, which, I assume (?) can penetrate the skin, since in the experiment they did they injected those on human cells (because, if gold nanoparticles don't penetrate the skin at all, then, what are we talking about?). Gold flakes instead should be harmeless, right? How are those chunky glitters going to penetrate the skin?
EDIT: I found this article that demonstrates that gold nanoparticles DO penetrate the human skin.
And interestingly, this article, instead, states that gold particles penetration can actually be antiaging (by preventing the formation of AGEs, the products of a chain of reactions that lead to visible signs of aging.)
Which leads to another experiment that talks about this possible anti aging properties.
Now, who else feels confused? 😓
You seem to be mixing two different things here: strength of gender role expectations, and strength of expectations for suppressing emotions. If both genders have the same expectations for suppressing emotions (which I don't think they do, but if they did), that wouldn't be a gender role, it would just be a societal expectation on everyone.
Here are some sources on strength of gender role expectations:
The abstract of this study notes that past research has shown men being punished more harshly.
> Because past research has shown that men who transgress gender role norms are punished more harshly than women [...]
Also, this study found that men making mistakes in masculine jobs were viewed more negatively than women making mistakes in feminine jobs.
> When female leaders made mistakes in the nursing condition, they were viewed similarly to male leaders. However, in the construction scenario, male leaders who committed errors were seen as significantly less task-competent than similar female leaders.
Now to the topic of expectations for suppressing emotions:
> My tendency to cry easily was one reason I had no friends and was bullied in elementary school, and I'm a girl.
I can't comment on your elementary school experience, but let's look at the present. Do you genuinely think that women who cry are perceived as negatively for it as men who cry?
This article talks about how anonymous spaces like Reddit can help people with mental health issues who might not otherwise seek support because of stigma. Do you think that they can also contribute to decreased stigma over time, as people with less exposure to mental health problems come across threads like this?
page linking to the full study, not just the abstract
all of this is based on a 20 person study in 2008 of 10 self reported healthy individuals, and 10 self reported chronically unhealthy individuals.
blood, urine, and sweat concentrations of various elemental metals are measured before and after either exercise or sauna induced perspiration.
when reading the study, keep in mind that sweat elimination is measured in micrograms per liter, (a millionth of a gram per liter of sweat), and averaged out in the low to mid 100's of ug/l.... so you would have to sweat thousands of liters to remove half a gram...at nearly best case. still, it may be a bit more efficient than bloodletting or pissing. please remember that these are accumulative ~~"toxins"~~ elements, so the human body is terrible at disposal of them, otherwise they wouldn't accumulate.
so, from the study:
> Conclusion
>According to the findings of this study, sweat analysis provides an additional method for biomonitoring human levels of many potentially toxic elements. Biomonitoring based exclusively on measurements from blood and/or urine can provide misleading conclusions about the state of toxicant accrual and can underestimate the total body burden of xenobiotics. Furthermore, with the abundance of unsubstantiated information relating to detoxification, evidence from this research demonstrates that there may be a role for induced perspiration as a preventive and therapeutic measure to assist individuals and groups at health risk resulting from exposure to and bioaccumulation of toxic elements. Future studies should explore clinical health outcomes of induced sweating programs in patients with toxic element bioaccumulation.
We bombed one hospital. In Afghanistan and did a full investigation.
Assad and Russia have bombed 360 as of February 2016.
>They are directly targeting civilians and are completely focused on hospitals,” Ajjaj said. “In the beginning we thought it was simply indiscriminate, but there is repeated targeting of hospitals.”
>“There is great danger in giving the GPS locations because the targeting of the hospitals is definite and clear and systematic,” he added.
You blow up one hospital it might be an accident. You blow up 100 hospitals and it starts looking suspicious. After <strong>360</strong> I think its safe to assume you're doing it on purpose
>That's not a judgement we can make purely from this study.
You're correct about that, but I was making that statement based on other research:
Penalties for success: reactions to women who succeed at male gender-typed tasks.
When Professionals Become Mothers, Warmth Doesn’t Cut the Ice
The dynamics of warmth and competence judgments, and their outcomes in organizations
It is the deepest mystery there is. I dedicated a big chunk of my life to just DMT exploration, and it gets really, really wild, like way beyond anything words can do service to. I'd just say that it's real, there are really alien intelligences, humans are not alone here, somehow life matters deeply, and we evolve to whatever we put out minds to.
There have been some really good studies of the DMT experience that have come out in the past couple decades or so. Rick Strassman's research that was presented in "DMT: The Spirit Molecule" was really important. Most of his participants came out talking about other dimensions and non-human entities. And there was an even bigger study of ayahausca, by Professor Benny Shanon, which he wrote about in the book "Antipodes of the Mind." Probably the best book on DMT, imo, was "Supernatural" by Graham Hancock. Strongly recommended.
Also, for anyone REALLY interested in the subject, check out this 50 page technical article that takes the experience very seriously and analyzes it from a scientific perspective: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Andrew_Gallimore/publication/277281153_ESSAY_Building_Alien_Worlds-_The_Neuropsychological_and_Evolutionary_Implications_of_the_Astonishing_Psychoactive_Effects_of_NN-Dimethyltryptamine_DMT/links/5565af3808aec4...
Made these because all the explanations of disc golf physics online were 200+pages or something like that. Tried to make it as simple as possible. Cut out some mathematics, so if you are interested, just google "gyroscope physics" etc terms.
Feel free to make new / better versions. These were made with paint/gimp, as you can see.
If you have any questions, ask, google the stuff, or read the thesis I copied some of the graphs from:
You know what? Because fuuuck you, I decided to find it on mobile anyway, while I'm at work. All because you're unwilling to believe the idea that men are abused at the same rate women are.
So there, a link to a combination of 200 studies, which also shows how the data has been suppressed for the past 30 years.
And to everyone that downvoted that twat, fuck you too. I thought trust but verify was our motto? Sure, they asked for verification like a snarky twat, but it's still verification.
Also, despite being in mobile, this didn't take too long to find. But whatever.
Sure, I'm on mobile right now so I won't be able to provide you with specific citations for a while, but the inverse relationship between women's perceived intelligence/competence and warmth/other positive attributes, and the disproportionate way this affects women compared to men, is a pretty well researched phenomenon. It wouldn't be very difficult to find some good sources with a quick search if you're interested.
EDIT:
Citations, as requested:
Penalties for success: reactions to women who succeed at male gender-typed tasks.
When Professionals Become Mothers, Warmth Doesn’t Cut the Ice
The dynamics of warmth and competence judgments, and their outcomes in organizations
Close to 150ms for males around 20 ? This is so bullshit lmao. 24yo here sitting around 250ms (equivalent 60yo if we follow your link lol), totally average and is absolutely not relevant in my play.
EDIT :
Believable, scientificaly made test on reaction time vs. age
Graphs
Source
Left graph is reaction time vs age, right graph is the standard deviation (i.e. dispersion of the results, spread). We see that not only it moves very little but most importantly, as we go to older ages it's much more variable depending on the individual. We can expect veteran cs players to be at the extreme low of their age bracket given their activity.
And ignoring all this, reaction time is a very very very overrated feature for a player. Spacial awareness, precision & game knowledge (among other things) all surpass reaction time by far when it comes to the ingredients that make a great player.
The truth is a little more complicated, but he is actually referencing a real effect.
Yes. You can find more details in:
>Schmelzer, T., & Baillie, R. (2008). Summing a curious, slowly convergent series. The American Mathematical Monthly, 115(6), 525-540. <strong>Link</strong> (no paywall).
Convergence is proved in Theorem 1 and the rest of the paper answers the immediate follow-up:
>Once a series is known to converge, the natural question is, “What is its sum?”
While you're right in that the venom's putative function is to inflict pain/incapacitation between breeding males as a dominance/aggression tool, this review of literature on platypus venom cites three sources for the venom killing dogs used to retrieve platypus during hunting. I think that the source is open access, but in case it is not here is the relevant passage:
> the crural system is generally believed to be both an offensive and defensive weapon rather than a mechanism to immobilise prey. This is because the venom does not appear to have any digestive function, is far less virulent than other animal venoms, and it is produced in significant quantities only during the breeding season (Torres and Kuchel 2000). During this time the spurs appear to be used offensively to assert dominance over other males of the species. They can also be used defensively to avoid potential predators: there have been recorded deaths of dogs that were used to retrieve stunned O. anatinus during hunting (Grant 1995; Torres and Kuchel 2000; Gerritsen 2002). Unwary humans have also been spurred during the course of their duties as shermen, biologists and zookeepers, but as this is uncommon and there have been no human fatalities from O. anatinus envenomation
O source que partilhaste é uma interpretação pseudocientífica de um artigo científico. Para clarificar, os portugueses não têm um gene único no mundo. Os portugueses têm elevada frequência de dois haplótipos do complexo de genes que codifica a formação de anticorpos. Os haplótipos são uma combinação específica de um grupo de genes que são herdados, o que permite ter uma noção das migrações populacionais ao longo do tempo.
Os autores do artigo sugerem que estes dois haplótipos são únicos em Portugal devido a um efeito fundador - um pequeno grupo geneticamente homogéneo com estes dois haplótipos fixou-se apenas e/ou sobreviveu apenas nesta parte da Península Ibérica. Se o grupo fundador tem um pool genético pouco diversificado então é mais provável que sofra um bottleneck. Mesmo que posteriormente exista fluxo de genes entre as populações (i.e. espanhóis), este haplótipo estabiliza-se nas duas populações. O haplótipo de certeza que está presente na população espanhola, só que em muito menor frequência que aqui.
O artigo está disponível aqui.
As an aside, it's widely regarded as a myth that we are hardwired with learning styles.
I don't mean to be rude, hopefully you found this liberating! You had it in you all along!
This is just not true and is nothing more than folk wisdom. Several studies, e.g. this one, have found that while intelligence correlates positively with anxiety in people with anxiety disorders, it correlates negatively with intelligence in the general population. Neuroticism, which is the propensity to be affected by negative emotions such as anxiety and low mood, has no correlation with intelligence (in fact the correlation is negative unless you account for test anxiety).
How anxious/unhappy we are and how intelligent we are rely on quite different mechanisms and being of high/low intelligence doesn't really affect your susceptibility to negative emotion. If you're a neurotic/anxious person, then the statement "ignorance is bliss" makes sense to you because your view of the world is coloured by your tendency to view everything negatively, but that doesn't make it objectively true.
This was written by The Guardian's science editor, which I find a little appalling, because he says stuff like this:
> Embryos start to become male or female at about six to eight weeks.
It's a ridiculous thing to say. Those embryos have always been either male or female, because they have always had the same DNA. Saying that they "become" male or female at 6-8 weeks is like saying that a human embryo only becomes human at week 8, because that's when you start to be able to see clear differences between a human embryo and a rabbit or a pig.
Don't know if you're aware but there's research out there showing a significant decline in empathy in [drumroll] the 3rd year of medical school. You're not alone!
Edit
Surprised nobody here's mentioned Anakin Skywalker's Borderline Personality Disorder, given that a lot of psych teachers now cite him as an example when teaching it ever since this article came out (warning: PDF/scholarly mumbojumbo)
What cannabis does do is reduce REM (dreaming) sleep. This is helpful for those with intrusive nightmares, as in post-traumatic stress disorder. In general, cannabis used medicinally helps sleep quite effectively by reducing symptoms of pain, spasm, etc., that tend to disrupt it. You can search this page for an article on cannabinoid and sleep: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ethan_Russo/publications
At least it wasn't a a hospital this time.
>They are directly targeting civilians and are completely focused on hospitals,” Ajjaj said. “In the beginning we thought it was simply indiscriminate, but there is repeated targeting of hospitals.”
>“There is great danger in giving the GPS locations because the targeting of the hospitals is definite and clear and systematic,” he added.
You blow up one hospital it might be an accident. You blow up 100 hospitals and it starts looking suspicious. After <strong>360</strong> I think its safe to assume you're doing it on purpose
Helaas: de cijfers omtrent het lezen van de koran enzovoorts zijn afkomstig van een onderzoek uit 2013 (pdf: hier), wat weer gebaseerd is op data uit 2010.
Bovendien zijn de ouders zelf niet eens onderzocht, maar moesten kids aangeven wat ze over hun ouders dachten. Als klap op de vuurpijl was het doel van dat onderzoek niet om na te gaan hoe religieus de jongeren zijn... maar om te bepalen welke factoren van invloed zijn op het doorgeven van religie, dus ongeveer in hoeverre de koters hun ouders imiteren.
Nope. I feel qualified to discuss this - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292133604_Detection_of_fish_and_newt_kairomones_by_ovipositing_mosquitoes - I work on mosquito oviposition and we quantify mosquito eggs very often for our studies. We removed 20,000 egg rafts in a season, which is 4 million eggs. It didn't dent the population and it won't. Why? Because mosquitoes lay many many eggs at a time, very few of which ever reach reproductive maturity. So, we're not doing much more than what would occur naturally.
Additionally, 7 eggs a day per trap is a joke. We use artificial pools to collect eggs. We can get upwards of 300 egg rafts in a 1ft x 1.5ft pool in one single night, that's 60,000 eggs. And we usually have 40 some pools or more, but 300 is the upper end and we typically get (depending on treatment) 30-100 rafts (200 eggs per raft, roughly). We just fling the rafts out into the grass where the larvae die.
It's not hard, you can put out some water, put some nutrients in it and watch them swarm to your pools. Want to eliminate them or deter them? Use fish or amphibian predators. Many mosquitoes hate them, but Aedes don't seem to detect them well, so they oviposit normally and then their offspring are consumed. Unfortunately this led to the over-introduction of mosquitofish to malaria prone areas.
Here's my source!
P.S. Thanks to /u/Alantha for the typo fix. =)
This article is just one study (of many) that shows that humans can in fact detect the flavour of ethanol. Older articles showing similar results are referenced at the end. There is just no denying that ethanol has a noticeable flavour.
Here is the full text on research gate, for anyone who's interested.
One thing to note is that this is from 1996. Given the amount of social change and change in public opinion that's occurred in the past 20 years, it's not clear how much this would translate to today. It would be really interesting to see another study like this done today.
It was really surprising! I wasn't even trying to pick anything remotely controversial; Robert Putnam is a liberal, and his work is extraordinarily well-supported and pretty uncontroversial in his field. And, I think, outside of it too. Bowling Alone isn't exactly The Bell Curve. I wonder if bringing up hand-grip strength would have gotten the same response.
We actually went back and forth on this quite a bit: should we call it an ancient bird? A dinosaur? How can we describe it in the headline efficiently and accurately? I was personally in the "Dinosaur-Era Bird" camp on this, and here's why. The paper places the wings within Enantiornithes, a highly derived clade of Mesozoic avian dinosaurs that was an evolutionary intermediate between more basal lineages and modern birds. Throughout the literature, there's reference to Enantiornithes as the first large-scale avian radiation. An example: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269701052_Living_Dinosaurs_The_Evolutionary_History_of_Modern_Birds Also, the paper itself frames this as a bird wing, and as many commenters note, birds are probably living descendants of theropod dinosaurs. We're trying to do right by the science here.
Research actually indicates that "love the sinner, hate the sin" is typically not practised in real life. It's nothing but convenient rhetoric. Lip service.
Gay people are still looked down upon by fundamentalists even when celibate, and heterosexuals who fornicate are viewed more favourably than their sexually active gay counterparts according to Fulton et al (1999).
In an experiment asking religious folks to either help or hinder an individual trying to win raffle money — where this person was portrayed as either a lesbian using the prize to fund a trip to a gay pride event, a lesbian/gay man visiting grandparents (i.e. not trying to "promote" homosexuality as with the gay pride event), or an assumed heterosexual visiting grandparents — Batson et al (1999) found that the straight person was assisted more often than the gay person trying to visit grandparents, despite both groups sharing the same goals.
If you trace back the evolution of the elephant line, it appears early tusks evolved for feeding purposes - stripping bark off tree trunks, and eventually to aid digging for roots (which are still their primary purpose today). Sexual selection seems to have taken hold at some point ("Big tusks mean a big di- I mean, healthier, more successful offspring") too, and they've adopted some courtship and defensive utilities as well (see this study).
It seems they're rather flexible in terms of utility, and adapt themselves well for many purposes.
The difference being the one time the US bombed a hospital they launched an investigation and are being relatively transparent.
More precisely, they modeled their law system after Roman law which was predominantly used in the German lands as it acted as a complex unifying force between many princedoms, free cities, dukedoms and other entities in the HRE. The German civil code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch) started it's development in 1881 and was finished in 1900 and it did influence many legal systems around the world including the Japanese one, but the study of Western law with lectures in Roman law started earlier in Tokyo in 1874 since it provided the historical background and an indispensible means of understanding the western legal system which Japan tried to incorporate (in jurisprudence, this phenomena is called a reception of law) .
Ref: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/29678456_Roman_Law_Studies_and_the_Civil_Code_in_Modern_Japan_System_Ownership_and_Co-ownership https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242449266_GERMAN_RECEPTION_OF_ROMAN_LAW_AND_JAPANESE_RECEPTION_OF_GERMAN_LAW
Alot of peopleare saying things like "if we turn our backs on industrial farming people will starve". But if you read the article, it claims that we already have enough food for 10 billion people, but that we just aren't distributing it well, citing this article.. Of course I'm not sure if it's true, but before anyone comments "we will starve", they should first address this argument.
Someone with more knowledge of microbiology will have to confirm this, but I think this link explains the process pretty well.
> one incident
The scholarly article to go along with that article. A rib puncture wound suspected to be made by a projectile point is found to be made by a projectile point based on comparative studies with pig ribs.
Elsewhere, anthropologists are slightly more conservative with these results:
"Though conclusive evidence for competitive encounters between Neandertals and Homo sapiens remains controversial, many paleoanthropologists believe such encounters occurred (Shea 2003b; Banks et al. 2008; Conard 2006; Finlayson and Carríon 2007). If competition did occur, projectile technology would have conferred decisive advantages."
and
"We do not have evidence for coalitionary violence between Neandertals and humans (cf. Churchill et al. 2009), but if there were such encounters, projectile weaponry would have provided key tactical advantages for populations adept at using it."
From another article.
The evidence is extremely scant to support the idea of conflict and/or war between H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens. I would not jump to the conclusion that such violence occurred on the basis of the existing evidence.
I used to work for a company that recycled used cooking oil. You set up a contract to buy the used oil at a certain price per gallon for a year or whatever (usually between 50¢ and 2$ depending on the market and the restaurant's level of oil usage).
They most likely buy the oil from a company like the one I worked for. We would heat it up really hot in a turbine and it became better fuel through science or something. Then sell to locals and other businesses who want to use the recycled oil.
I hope that helps.
Edit: sorry /u/decepere if I didn't really help answer your question. I misread it thinking you were asking if they maybe used their own oil and how much they produced. I apologize for the confusion.
Edit 2: also here is a little bit of the science
You can try taking n-acetylcystenine, acetyl-l-carnitine and piracetam to try and fix it permanently.
Some evidence:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378595506002267
So this paper on a 13 foot black caiman killing a child is what then? Caimans attack far less people then saltwater or Nile crocs. However there is also the factor of massive remoteness of the territory of the caiman, populated mainly by indigenous peoples which may not lead to attacks being widely reported.